ArticleSpine2013
The prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP2, is upregulated in the dorsal root ganglion after painful cervical facet joint injury in the rat.
Article in Spine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Subfailure capsule strain as the cause of cervical zygapophysial joint pain after whiplash: a scoping review.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Skeletal interoception in bone homeostasis and pain.Cell metabolism · 2022Review
- Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Facet Mediated Low Back Pain: A Comprehensive Review.Orthopedic reviews · 2022Review
- Molecular mechanisms underlying the actions of arachidonic acid-derived prostaglandins on peripheral nociception.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2020Review
- Repeated High Rate Facet Capsular Stretch at Strains That are Below the Pain Threshold Induces Pain and Spinal Inflammation With Decreased Ligament Strength in the Rat.Journal of biomechanical engineering · 2018Article
- A Nociceptive Role for Integrin Signaling in Pain After Mechanical Injury to the Spinal Facet Capsular Ligament.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2017Article
- EPScientific reports · 2017Article
- TNFα transport induced by dynamic loading alters biomechanics of intact intervertebral discs.PloS one · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
designThis study implemented immunohistochemistry to assay prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor EP2 expression in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of rats after painful cervical facet joint injury.
objectiveTo identify if inflammatory cascades are induced in association with cervical facet joint distraction-induced pain by investigating the time course of EP2 expression in the DRG. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The cervical facet joint is a common source of neck pain, and nonphysiological stretch of the facet capsular ligament can initiate pain from the facet joint via mechanical injury. PGE2 levels are elevated in painful inflamed and arthritic joints, and PGE2 sensitizes joint afferents to mechanical stimulation. Although in vitro studies suggest that the EP2 receptor subtype contributes to painful joint disease, the EP2 response has not been investigated for any association with painful mechanical joint injury.
methodsSeparate groups of male Holtzman rats underwent either a painful cervical facet joint distraction injury or sham procedure. Bilateral forepaw mechanical allodynia was assessed, and immunohistochemical techniques were used to quantify EP2 expression in the DRG at days 1 and 7.
resultsFacet joint distraction induced mechanical allodynia that was significant (P < 0.024) at all time points. Painful joint injury also significantly elevated total EP2 expression in the DRG at day 1 (P = 0.009), which was maintained at day 7 (P < 0.001). Neuronal expression of EP2 in the DRG was only increased over sham levels at day 1 (P = 0.013).
conclusionPainful cervical facet joint distraction induces an immediate and sustained increase of EP2 expression in the DRG, implicating peripheral inflammation in the initiation and maintenance of facet joint pain. The transient increase in neuronal EP2 suggests, as in other painful joint conditions, that after joint injury nonneuronal cells may migrate to the DRG, some of which likely express EP2.
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