ReviewJournal of applied microbiology2012
Beneficial effects of probiotics in upper respiratory tract infections and their mechanical actions to antagonize pathogens.
Review in Journal of applied microbiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative efficacy of different probiotic strains and preparations for prevention of acute otitis media in children: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Multistrain Probiotic Formulation on Common Infectious Disease Symptoms and Gut Microbiota Modulation in Flu-Vaccinated Healthy Elderly Subjects.BioMed research international · 2022Trial
- Bacteriotherapy with Streptococcus salivarius 24SMB and Streptococcus oralis 89a nasal spray for treatment of upper respiratory tract infections in children: a pilot study on short-term efficacy.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Recommending Oral Probiotics to Reduce Winter Antibiotic Prescriptions in People With Asthma: A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial.Annals of family medicine · 2016Trial
- Specific probiotics and virological findings in symptomatic conscripts attending military service in Finland.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2014Trial
- The Science behind Probiotics: Exploring their Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Postbiotics: an insightful review of the latest category in functional biotics.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2025Review
- Progress in Probiotic Science: Prospects of Functional Probiotic-Based Foods and Beverages.International journal of food science · 2025Review
- A mini-review of the relationship between intestinal microecology and acute respiratory distress syndrome.PeerJ · 2025Review
- Lung microbiome: new insights into the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- The Effect of Probiotics in a Milk Replacer on Leukocyte Differential Counts, Phenotype, and Function in Neonatal Dairy Calves.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Biochemical, functional and genomic characterization of a new probiotic Ligilactobacillus salivarius F14 from the gut of tribes of Odisha.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2023Article
- Molecular Accounting and Profiling of Human Respiratory Microbial Communities: Toward Precision Medicine by Targeting the Respiratory Microbiome for Disease Diagnosis and Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Auction market placement and a rest stop during transportation affect the respiratory bacterial microbiota of beef cattle.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Probiotics and Postbiotics as the Functional Food Components Affecting the Immune Response.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Immunostimulatory effects of dairy probiotic strainsJournal of animal science and technology · 2022Article
- Growth characteristic of probiotic in fermented coconut milk and the antibacterial properties againstJournal of food science and technology · 2022Article
- Antagonistic activity and mechanism of3 Biotech · 2022Article
- Current Status of Probiotics as Supplements in the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Probiotics are live micro-organisms with beneficial effects on human health, which have the ability to counteract infections at different locations of the body. Clinical trials have shown that probiotics can be used as preventive and therapeutic agents in upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) and otitis. Their mechanical properties allow them to aggregate and to compete with pathogens for nutrients, space and attachment to host cells. Consequently, they can directly antagonize pathogens and thus exert beneficial effects without directly affecting the metabolism of the host. An overview of the probiotics with such traits, tested up to date in clinical trials for the prevention or treatment of URTIs and otitis, is presented in this review. Their mechanical properties in the respiratory tract as well as at other locations are also cited. Species with interesting in vitro properties towards pharyngeal cells or against common respiratory pathogens have also been included. The potential safety risks of the cited species are then discussed. This review could be of help in the screening of probiotic strains with specific mechanical properties susceptible to have positive effects in clinical trials against URTIs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.