ArticleJournal of virology2012
Early cytokine elevation, PrPres deposition, and gliosis in mouse scrapie: no effect on disease by deletion of cytokine genes IL-12p40 and IL-12p35.
Article in Journal of virology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biological characteristics and transcriptomic profile of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells isolated from prion-infected murine model.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Interactions between Cytokines and the Pathogenesis of Prion Diseases: Insights and Implications.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- RETRACTED: Neuroinflammatory Markers: Key Indicators in the Pathology of Neurodegenerative Diseases.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- The Importance of CXCL1 in Physiology and Noncancerous Diseases of Bone, Bone Marrow, Muscle and the Nervous System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Microglia have limited influence on early prion pathogenesis, clearance, or replication.PloS one · 2022Article
- The role of microglia in prion diseases and possible therapeutic targets: a literature review.Prion · 2021Review
- Innate immune responses after stimulation with Toll-like receptor agonists in ex vivo microglial cultures and an in vivo model using mice with reduced microglia.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2021Article
- She Doesn't Even Go Here: The Role of Inflammatory Astrocytes in CNS Disorders.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021Review
- Neuroimmune Response in Natural Preclinical Scrapie after Dexamethasone Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Review
- Microglia Are Critical in Host Defense against Prion Disease.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Article
- Protective role of cellular prion protein against TNFα-mediated inflammation through TACE α-secretase.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Statins are ineffective at reducing neuroinflammation or prolonging survival in scrapie-infected mice.The Journal of general virology · 2017Article
- Exploring Anti-Prion Glyco-Based and Aromatic Scaffolds: A Chemical Strategy for the Quality of Life.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Review
- Knockout of fractalkine receptor Cx3cr1 does not alter disease or microglial activation in prion-infected mice.The Journal of general virology · 2016Article
- Celecoxib Inhibits Prion Protein 90-231-Mediated Pro-inflammatory Responses in Microglial Cells.Molecular neurobiology · 2016Article
- Early Generation of New PrPSc on Blood Vessels after Brain Microinjection of Scrapie in Mice.mBio · 2015Article
- Increased infectivity of anchorless mouse scrapie prions in transgenic mice overexpressing human prion protein.Journal of virology · 2015Article
- Prion infections and anti-PrP antibodies trigger converging neurotoxic pathways.PLoS pathogens · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are typically associated with an activation of glia and an increased level of cytokines. In our previous studies of prion disease, the cytokine response in the brains of clinically sick scrapie-infected mice was restricted to a small group of cytokines, of which IL-12p40, CCL2, and CXCL10 were present at the highest levels. The goal of our current research was to determine the relationship between cytokine responses, gliosis, and neuropathology during prion disease. Here, in time course studies of C57BL/10 mice intracerebrally inoculated with 22L scrapie, abnormal protease-resistant prion protein (PrPres), astrogliosis, and microgliosis were first detected at 40 days after intracerebral scrapie inoculation. In cytokine studies, IL-12p40 was first elevated by 60 days; CCL3, IL-1β, and CXCL1 were elevated by 80 days; and CCL2 and CCL5 were elevated by 115 days. IL-12p40 showed the most extensive increase throughout disease and was 30-fold above control levels at the terminal stage. Because of the early onset and dramatic elevation of IL-12p40 during scrapie, we investigated whether IL-12p40 contributed to the development of prion disease neuropathogenesis by using three different scrapie strains (22L, RML, 79A) to infect knockout mice in which the gene encoding IL-12p40 was deleted. We also studied knockout mice lacking IL-12p35, which combines with IL-12p40 to form active IL-12 heterodimers. In all instances, knockout mice did not differ from control mice in survival time, clinical tempo, or levels of spongiosis, gliosis, or PrPres in the brain. Thus, neither IL-12p40 nor IL-12p35 molecules were required for prion disease-associated neurodegeneration or neuroinflammation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.