ArticlePlant physiology2012
Synergistic interactions between carotene ring hydroxylases drive lutein formation in plant carotenoid biosynthesis.
Article in Plant physiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- β-Cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin are highly bioavailable from whole-grain and refined biofortified orange maize in humans with optimal vitamin A status: a randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2018Trial
- Transcriptomic and targeted metabolomic insights into carotenoid-mediated color formation in sorghum grains.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- Beyond pigments and perfumes: engineering in the carotenoid and apocarotenoid spectrum, novel enzymes, and synthetic biology strategies.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Identifying molecular targets for modulating carotenoid accumulation in rice grains.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2024Article
- Cytochromes P450 evolution in the plant terrestrialization context.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Review
- Terpene produced by coexpression of the TPS and P450 genes from Lavandula angustifolia protects plants from herbivore attacks during budding stages.BMC plant biology · 2023Article
- CitrusHorticulture research · 2023Article
- The transcription factor IbNAC29 positively regulates the carotenoid accumulation in sweet potato.Horticulture research · 2023Article
- Simultaneous dissection of grain carotenoid levels and kernel color in biparental maize populations with yellow-to-orange grain.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Article
- Overexpression ofFrontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- KLU/CYP78A5, a Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase IdentifiedFrontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- Carotenoid metabolism: New insights and synthetic approaches.Frontiers in plant science · 2022Review
- Eleven biosynthetic genes explain the majority of natural variation in carotenoid levels in maize grain.The Plant cell · 2021Article
- Rational design strategies for functional reconstitution of plant cytochrome P450s in microbial systems.Current opinion in plant biology · 2021Review
- Effects of simulated drought stress on carotenoid contents and expression of related genes in carrot taproots.Protoplasma · 2021Article
- Introduction of the Carotenoid Biosynthesis α-Branch IntoFrontiers in plant science · 2021Article
- Carotenoids modulate kernel texture in maize by influencing amyloplast envelope integrity.Nature communications · 2020Article
- De novo transcriptome analysis of Chlorella sorokiniana: effect of glucose assimilation, and moderate light intensity.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Structural basis for plant lutein biosynthesis from α-carotene.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Comparative functional genomics analysis of cytochrome P450 gene superfamily in wheat and maize.BMC plant biology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Plant carotenoids play essential roles in photosynthesis, photoprotection, and as precursors to apocarotenoids. The plastid-localized carotenoid biosynthetic pathway is mediated by well-defined nucleus-encoded enzymes. However, there is a major gap in understanding the nature of protein interactions and pathway complexes needed to mediate carotenogenesis. In this study, we focused on carotene ring hydroxylation, which is performed by two structurally distinct classes of enzymes, the P450 CYP97A and CYP97C hydroxylases and the nonheme diiron HYD enzymes. The CYP97A and HYD enzymes both function in the hydroxylation of β-rings in carotenes, but we show that they are not functionally interchangeable. The formation of lutein, which involves hydroxylation of both β- and ε-rings, was shown to require the coexpression of CYP97A and CYP97C enzymes. These enzymes were also demonstrated to interact in vivo and in vitro, as determined using bimolecular fluorescence complementation and a pull-down assay, respectively. We discuss the role of specific hydroxylase enzyme interactions in promoting pathway flux and preventing the formation of pathway dead ends. These findings will facilitate efforts to manipulate carotenoid content and composition for improving plant adaptation to climate change and/or for enhancing nutritionally important carotenoids in food crops.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.