ArticleHealth & place2012
Young adult perceptions of smoking in outdoor park areas.
Article in Health & place, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Multilevel normative tensions under partial outdoor smoke-free policies: A qualitative case study in Seoul, South Korea.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- Beliefs about thirdhand smoke and voluntary smoking bans in homes and cars: a cross-sectional study in Türkiye, 2023.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Academic Performance and Peer or Parental Tobacco Use among Non-Smoking Adolescents: Influence of Smoking Interactions on Intention to Smoke.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Estimating and mapping cigarette butt littering in urban environments: A GIS approach.Environmental research · 2020Article
- Mapping the visibility of smokers across a large capital city.Environmental research · 2020Article
- Inequities in coverage of smokefree outdoor space policies within the United States: school grounds and playgrounds.BMC public health · 2018Article
- Inequities in coverage of smokefree space policies within the United States.BMC public health · 2017Article
- National and State-Specific Attitudes toward Smoke-Free Parks among U.S. Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2016Article
- Measuring visual exposure to smoking behaviours: a viewshed analysis of smoking at outdoor bars and cafés across a capital city's downtown area.BMC public health · 2014Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeSmoking restrictions in recreational settings are established to promote anti-smoking norms and reduce exposure to secondhand smoke. Outdoor smoke-free policies are increasing, yet little is known about the perceptions of such restrictions.
methodsData were collected from a population-based sample of young adults (n=2289) in upper Midwestern United States. Cross-sectional multivariate logistic regression was used to assess predictors of the perceived difficulty to smoke in outdoor park areas.
resultsLiving in an area with a smoke-free park policy was associated with a 1.4 times higher odds of perceiving difficulty to smoke compared to those living in an area without such a policy, after controlling for past month smoking, physical activity, age, and gender. Both smokers and non-smokers living in an area with a smoke-free park policy had higher odds of perceiving difficulty to smoking in park areas (OR=1.6 and 1.3 respectively) compared to smokers and non-smokers living in areas without such policies.
conclusionBanning smoking in park areas was associated with a heightened perception of difficulty in smoking for young adult smokers and non-smokers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.