SynthesisThe British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners2012
Barriers to GPs' use of evidence-based medicine: a systematic review.
Synthesis in The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Developing a Two-Sided Decision Box to Facilitate Shared Decision-Making for Switching From Conventional to Pharmacokinetic-Tailored Prophylaxis in Haemophilia.Haemophilia : the official journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia · 2025Pooled it
- Perspectives of healthcare providers on osteoporosis, falls and fracture risk: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies.Archives of osteoporosis · 2024Pooled it
- Integrating patient values and preferences in healthcare: a systematic review of qualitative evidence.BMJ open · 2022Pooled it
- Barriers and facilitators to clinical behaviour change by primary care practitioners: a theory-informed systematic review of reviews using the Theoretical Domains Framework and Behaviour Change Wheel.Systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Barriers and facilitators to clinical information seeking: a systematic review.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2019Pooled it
- A real-world approach to Evidence-Based Medicine in general practice: a competency framework derived from a systematic review and Delphi process.BMC medical education · 2017Pooled it
- Describing knowledge encounters in healthcare: a mixed studies systematic review and development of a classification.Implementation science : IS · 2017Pooled it
- Achieving change in primary care--causes of the evidence to practice gap: systematic reviews of reviews.Implementation science : IS · 2016Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A letter intervention to GPs practices to promoting prescription uptake in school-age children with asthma during summer holidays (TRAINS study): a pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial.NPJ primary care respiratory medicine · 2026Trial
- Barriers and facilitators to use of a clinical evidence technology in the management of skin problems in primary care: insights from mixed methods.Journal of the Medical Library Association : JMLA · 2020Trial
- Influence of overstated abstract conclusions on clinicians: a web-based randomised controlled trial.BMJ open · 2017Trial
- Adopting a blended learning approach to teaching evidence based medicine: a mixed methods study.BMC medical education · 2013Trial
- Article
- What aspects of clinical uncertainty are addressed by published competencies in evidence-based medicine? A scoping review.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Article
- Barriers and facilitators for using research-based knowledge - A qualitative study on first-line managers' perspectives in municipal health and care services.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Decision-making for ICU admission: is there a place for AI? Exploring and understanding meaning, experiences, and perspectives.BMC medical ethics · 2026Article
- Professional positioning of general practitioners in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis in community medicine.EULAR rheumatology open · 2026Article
- Importance, facilitators and barriers for finnish general practitioner involvement in clinical practice guideline panels: a survey.BMC primary care · 2025Article
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGPs report various barriers to the use and practice of evidence-based medicine (EBM). A review of research on these barriers may help solve problems regarding the uptake of evidence in clinical outpatient practice.
aimTo determine the barriers encountered by GPs in the practice of EBM and to come up with solutions to the barriers identified.
designA systematic review of the literature.
methodThe following databases were searched: MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, CINAHL, ERIC, and the Cochrane Library, until February 2011. Primary studies (all methods, all languages) that explore the barriers that GPs encounter in the practice of EBM were included.
resultsA total of 14 700 articles were identified, of which 22 fulfilled all inclusion criteria. Of the latter, nine concerned qualitative, 12 concerned quantitative, and one concerned both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The barriers described in the articles cover the categories: evidence (including the accompanying EBM steps), the GP's preferences (experience, expertise, education), and the patient's preferences. The particular GP setting also has important barriers to the use of EBM. Barriers found in this review, among others, include lack of time, EBM skills, and available evidence; patient-related factors; and the attitude of the GP.
conclusionVarious barriers are encountered when using EBM in GP practice. Interventions that help GPs to overcome these barriers are needed, both within EBM education and in clinical practice.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.