ArticleStroke2012
Patients living in impoverished areas have more severe ischemic strokes.
Article in Stroke, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Guideline
- Association of Socioeconomic Deprivation with 1-Year Functional Outcomes in Mechanically Ventilated Patients with Stroke.Neurocritical care · 2026Article
- Transcending Social and Cultural Barriers to Transform Global Stroke Care: An SVIN Mission Thrombectomy Initiative.Stroke (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Review
- Trends in the Association of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status With Stroke Incidence and Mortality From 2000 to 2022: A Population-Based Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Letter to the editor regarding 'the relationship between feeding modes and quality of life among patients with post-stroke dysphagia: an observational study'.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Structural Inequities for Historically Underserved Communities in the Adoption of Stroke Certification in the United States.JAMA neurology · 2022Article
- Fishing for health: Neighborhood variation in fish intake, fish quality and association with stroke risk among older adults in the Cardiovascular Health Study.Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 2022Article
- Association of Socioeconomic Status and Infarct Volume With Functional Outcome in Patients With Ischemic Stroke.JAMA network open · 2022Article
- Association of Ischemic Stroke Incidence, Severity, and Recurrence With Dementia in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Cohort Study.JAMA neurology · 2022Article
- Article
- Socioeconomic Influence on Emergency Medical Services Utilization for Acute Stroke: Think Nationally, Act Locally.The Neurohospitalist · 2021Article
- Neurologic Complications of Poverty: the Associations Between Poverty as a Social Determinant of Health and Adverse Neurologic Outcomes.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2021Review
- Divergent poststroke outcomes for black patients: Lower mortality, but greater disability.Neurology · 2019Article
- Association between socioeconomic status and post-stroke functional outcome in deprived rural southern China: a population-based study.BMC neurology · 2018Article
- No Racial Difference in Rehabilitation Therapy Across All Post-Acute Care Settings in the Year Following a Stroke.Stroke · 2017Article
- Synergism of Short-Term Air Pollution Exposures and Neighborhood Disadvantage on Initial Stroke Severity.Stroke · 2017Article
- Stroke Risk Factors, Genetics, and Prevention.Circulation research · 2017Review
- Neighborhood Influences on Emergency Medical Services Use for Acute Stroke: A Population-Based Cross-sectional Study.Annals of emergency medicine · 2016Article
- Towards an Understanding of Racial Differences in Post-stroke Disability.Current epidemiology reports · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
background and purposeInitial stroke severity is one of the strongest predictors of eventual stroke outcome. However, predictors of initial stroke severity have not been well-described within a population. We hypothesized that poorer patients would have a higher initial stroke severity on presentation to medical attention.
methodsWe identified all cases of hospital-ascertained ischemic stroke occurring in 2005 within a biracial population of 1.3 million. "Community" socioecomic status was determined for each patient based on the percentage below poverty in the census tract in which the patient resided. Linear regression was used to model the effect of socioeconomic status on stroke severity. Models were adjusted for race, gender, age, prestroke disability, and history of medical comorbidities.
resultsThere were 1895 ischemic stroke events detected in 2005 included in this analysis; 22% were black, 52% were female, and the mean age was 71 years (range, 19-104). The median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale was 3 (range, 0-40). The poorest community socioeconomic status was associated with a significantly increased initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale by 1.5 points (95% confidence interval, 0.5-2.6; P<0.001) compared with the richest category in the univariate analysis, which increased to 2.2 points after adjustment for demographics and comorbidities.
conclusionsWe found that increasing community poverty was associated with worse stroke severity at presentation, independent of other known factors associated with stroke outcomes. Socioeconomic status may impact stroke severity via medication compliance, access to care, and cultural factors, or may be a proxy measure for undiagnosed disease states.
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