Trial reportContemporary clinical trials2012
Questions about quitting (Q2): design and methods of a Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) randomized screening experiment for an online, motivational smoking cessation intervention.
Trial report in Contemporary clinical trials, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Optimizing an Online Motivational Tobacco Cessation Program
Building and Sustaining Interventions for Children (BASIC): Task-sharing Mental Health Care in Low-resource Settings
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Differences in the effectiveness of individual-level smoking cessation interventions by socioeconomic status.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Internet-based interventions for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Successful Optimization of Tobacco Dependence Treatment in the Emergency Department: A Randomized Controlled Trial Using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy.Annals of emergency medicine · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Optimising text messaging to improve adherence to web-based smoking cessation treatment: a randomised control trial protocol.BMJ open · 2016Trial
- Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and nicotine patch for smokers with bipolar disorder: preliminary evaluation of in-person and telephone-delivered treatment.Bipolar disorders · 2015Trial
- Exploring the "active ingredients" of an online smoking intervention: a randomized factorial trial.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2014Trial
- Using multiple imputations to accommodate time-outs in online interventions.Journal of medical Internet research · 2013Trial
- The effect of program design on engagement with an internet-based smoking intervention: randomized factorial trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2013Trial
- A Proof-of-Concept Pilot Test of a Behavioral Intervention to Improve Adherence to Dietary Recommendations for Cancer Prevention.Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer CenterTrial
- Intervention Optimization: A Paradigm Shift and Its Potential Implications for Clinical Psychology.Annual review of clinical psychology · 2024Review
- One view of the next decade of research on behavioral and biobehavioral approaches to cancer prevention and control: intervention optimization.Translational behavioral medicine · 2021Review
- How to optimise public health interventions: a scoping review of guidance from optimisation process frameworks.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Article
- Tobacco dependence treatment in the emergency department: A randomized trial using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy.Contemporary clinical trials · 2018Article
- An Overview of Research and Evaluation Designs for Dissemination and Implementation.Annual review of public health · 2017Review
- Impact of a brief telephone referral on quitline use, quit attempts and abstinence.Health education research · 2015Article
- Internet interventions for mental health and addictions: current findings and future directions.Current psychiatry reports · 2014Review
- Factorial experiments: efficient tools for evaluation of intervention components.American journal of preventive medicine · 2014Article
- Moving beyond the treatment package approach to developing behavioral interventions: addressing questions that arose during an application of the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST).Translational behavioral medicine · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Effective interventions are needed to improve smokers' motivation for quitting, treatment utilization, and abstinence rates. The Internet provides an ideal modality for delivering such interventions, given the low cost, broad reach, and capacity to individually tailor content, but important methodological questions remain about how to best design and deliver an online, motivational intervention to smokers. The current paper reports on the intervention, study design and research methods of a randomized trial (called Questions about Quitting) designed to address some of these questions. Using a Multi-phase Optimization Strategy (MOST) screening experiment, the trial has two key aims: to examine the impact of four experimental intervention factors (each evaluated on two levels) on smokers' subsequent treatment utilization and abstinence, and to examine select moderators of each sub-factor's effectiveness. The experimental factors of interest are: navigation autonomy (content viewing order is dictated based on stage of change or not), use of self-efficacy based testimonials (yes vs. no), proactive outreach (reminder emails vs. no emails), and decisional framework (prescriptive vs. motivational tone). To our knowledge, this is the first application of the MOST methodology to explore these factors or to explore the optimal design for a motivational intervention targeting smokers not actively trying to quit smoking. The rationale for the experimental factor choice, intervention design, and trial methods are discussed. Outcome data are currently being collected and are not presented, but recruitment data confirm the feasibility of enrolling smokers at varying stages of readiness to quit.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.