Trial reportPloS one2012
Sub-optimal vitamin B-12 levels among ART-naïve HIV-positive individuals in an urban cohort in Uganda.
Trial report in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02552602 (The Role of Multivitamins in Pediatric HIV Management in Nigeria), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Role of Multivitamins in Pediatric HIV Management in Nigeria: A Randomized Controlled Study
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of vitamin B12 in viral infections: a comprehensive review of its relationship with the muscle-gut-brain axis and implications for SARS-CoV-2 infection.Nutrition reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Daily consumption of ready-to-use peanut-based therapeutic food increased fat free mass, improved anemic status but has no impact on the zinc status of people living with HIV/AIDS: a randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2016Trial
- Assessment of serum cobalamin (vitamin B12) status among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected Nigerians with anaemia using serum methylmalonic acid.African health sciences · 2025Article
- Prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency, associated factors, and correlation with CD4 count among HIV-positive adults at Kayunga Regional Referral Hospital, Central Uganda.AIDS research and therapy · 2025Article
- Rural health challenges in Western Uganda: pernicious anemia masquerading as recurrent lower limb weakness-a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2025Article
- Innovative biomarkers TCN2 and LY6E can significantly inhibit respiratory syncytial virus infection.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Vitamin B12 deficiency presenting as progressive blindness in a 33-year-old HIV-positive female patient on Efavirenz-based regimen: case report.The Pan African medical journal · 2024Article
- Article
- Association of serum vitamin BJournal of family medicine and primary care · 2022Article
- Trends and Adaptive Optimal Set Points of CD4AIDS research and treatment · 2020Article
- An Evaluation to Determine the Strongest CD4 Count Covariates during HIV Disease Progression in Women in South Africa.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2019Article
- Covariate random effects on the CD4 count variation during HIV disease progression in women.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2019Article
- Impact of HIV Infection and Zidovudine Therapy on RBC Parameters and Urine Methylmalonic Acid Levels.Interdisciplinary perspectives on infectious diseases · 2016Article
- Vitamin B12 deficiency among adult diabetic patients in Uganda: relation to glycaemic control and haemoglobin concentration.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2015Article
- Low serum vitamin B12 levels among psychiatric patients admitted in Butabika mental hospital in Uganda.BMC research notes · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Malnutrition is common among HIV-infected individuals and is often accompanied by low serum levels of micronutrients. Vitamin B-12 deficiency has been associated with various factors including faster HIV disease progression and CD4 depletion in resource-rich settings. To describe prevalence and factors associated with sub-optimal vitamin B-12 levels among HIV-infected antiretroviral therapy (ART) naïve adults in a resource-poor setting, we performed a cross-sectional study with a retrospective chart review among individuals attending either the Mulago-Mbarara teaching hospitals' Joint AIDS Program (MJAP) or the Infectious Diseases Institute (IDI) clinics, in Kampala, Uganda. Logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with sub-optimal vitamin B-12. The mean vitamin B-12 level was 384 pg/ml, normal range (200-900). Sub-optimal vitamin B-12 levels (<300 pg/ml) were found in 75/204 (36.8%). Twenty-one of 204 (10.3%) had vitamin B-12 deficiency (<200 pg/ml) while 54/204 (26.5%) had marginal depletion (200-300 pg/ml). Irritable mood was observed more among individuals with sub-optimal vitamin B-12 levels (OR 2.5, 95% CI; 1.1-5.6, P=0.03). Increasing MCV was associated with decreasing serum B-12 category; 86.9 fl (± 5.1) vs. 83 fl (± 8.4) vs. 82 fl (± 8.4) for B-12 deficiency, marginal and normal B-12 categories respectively (test for trend, P=0.017). Compared to normal B-12, individuals with vitamin B-12 deficiency had a longer known duration of HIV infection: 42.2 months (± 27.1) vs. 29.4 months (± 23.8; P=0.02). Participants eligible for ART (CD4<350 cells/µl) with sub-optimal B-12 had a higher mean rate of CD4 decline compared to counterparts with normal B-12; 118 (± 145) vs. 22 (± 115) cells/µl/year, P=0.01 respectively. The prevalence of a sub-optimal vitamin B-12 was high in this HIV-infected, ART-naïve adult clinic population in urban Uganda. We recommend prospective studies to further clarify the causal relationships of sub-optimal vitamin B-12, and explore the role of vitamin B-12 supplementation in immune recovery.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.