Trial reportThe American journal of psychiatry2012
A randomized controlled trial comparing foster care and institutional care for children with signs of reactive attachment disorder.
Trial report in The American journal of psychiatry, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 173 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparing Long-Term Placement Outcomes of Residential and Family Foster Care: A Meta-Analysis.Trauma, violence & abuse · 2019Pooled it
- A Comprehensive Multilevel Analysis of the Bucharest Early Intervention Project: Causal Effects on Recovery From Early Severe Deprivation.The American journal of psychiatry · 2023Trial
- Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder in Early Childhood Predicts Reduced Competence in Early Adolescence.Journal of abnormal child psychology · 2019Trial
- A prospective longitudinal study of Reactive Attachment Disorder following early institutional care: considering variable- and person-centered approaches.Attachment & human development · 2019Trial
- Signs of reactive attachment disorder and disinhibited social engagement disorder at age 12 years: Effects of institutional care history and high-quality foster care.Development and psychopathology · 2017Trial
- Social communication difficulties and autism in previously institutionalized children.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2015Trial
- Trial
- Motor outcomes in children exposed to early psychosocial deprivation.The Journal of pediatrics · 2014Trial
- Effects of early intervention and the moderating effects of brain activity on institutionalized children's social skills at age 8.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2012Trial
- Families with Internationally Adopted Children in Finland: A Study of Emotional Availability in the Early Interaction.Child psychiatry and human development · 2026Article
- Disinhibited social engagement and reactive attachment behaviours in children assessed for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD): Distinguishing effects of maltreatment from inhibitory control difficulties.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2026Article
- Pandemic Babies: Developmental Outcomes in Preschool-Aged Children Born During the COVID-19 Era.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Social competencies of children with disinhibited social engagement disorder: A systematic review.JCPP advances · 2024Article
- Attachment disorder symptoms in foster children: development and associations with attachment security.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2023Article
- The Relationship of Temperament and Character, Parental Stress, and Mental Health Problems with Attachment Disorders among Children.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- The Bucharest Early Intervention Project: Adolescent mental health and adaptation following early deprivation.Child development perspectives · 2022Article
- Standardization of a Participatory Questionnaire to Assess the (Fulfilment of) Needs of Children in Care (QANCC) In India.Journal of child & adolescent trauma · 2022Article
- Attachment goes to court: child protection and custody issues.Attachment & human development · 2022Article
- Mechanisms of neuroplasticity linking early adversity to depression: developmental considerations.Translational psychiatry · 2021Review
- Development and Examination of the Reactive Attachment Disorder and Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder Assessment Interview.Assessment · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe authors examined signs of emotionally withdrawn (inhibited type) and indiscriminately social (disinhibited type) reactive attachment disorder in Romanian children enrolled in a randomized trial of foster care compared with institutional care and in a comparison group of never-institutionalized children.
methodAt baseline and when children were ages 30, 42, and 54 months and 8 years, caregivers were interviewed with the Disturbances of Attachment Interview to assess changes in signs of reactive attachment disorder in three groups of children: those receiving care as usual (including continued institutional care) (N=68); those placed in foster care after institutional care (N=68); and those who were never institutionalized (N=72). The impact of gender, ethnicity, and baseline cognitive ability was also examined.
resultsOn the Disturbances of Attachment Interview, signs of the inhibited type of reactive attachment disorder decreased after placement in foster care, and scores were indistinguishable from those of never-institutionalized children after 30 months. Signs of the disinhibited type were highest in the usual care group, lower in the foster care group, and lowest in the never-institutionalized group. Early placement in foster care (before age 24 months) was associated with fewer signs of the disinhibited type. Lower baseline cognitive ability was associated with more signs of the inhibited type in the usual care group and more signs of the disinhibited type in both groups.
conclusionsSigns of the inhibited type of reactive attachment disorder responded quickly to placement in foster care; signs of the disinhibited type showed less robust resolution with foster placement. Lower baseline cognitive ability was linked to signs of reactive attachment disorder.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.