ArticlePloS one2012
Interaction between education and household wealth on the risk of obesity in women in Egypt.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed.
- Interaction between the place of residence and wealth on the risk of overweight and obesity in Bangladeshi women.PloS one · 2020Trial
- Trends and social determinants of the obesity epidemic among reproductive-age women in ten Asian countries.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Frequency of cigarette smoking and its associated factors among men in East Africa: a pooled prevalence analysis of national survey using multinomial regression.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Socio-demographic predictors of obesity among 12,975 adult ever married Egyptian women of reproductive age group: evidence from nationwide survey.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Burden of diseases attributable to excess body weight in the Middle East and North Africa region, 1990-2019.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Prevalence of Obesity and the Factors Associated with Low Obesity Awareness among Urban Adolescents in Harare, Zimbabwe.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Re-examining the reversal hypothesis: A nationwide population-based study of the association between socioeconomic status, and NCDs and risk factors in China.SSM - population health · 2023Article
- Childhood obesity inequality in northeast China: joint effect of social economic status and school neighborhood environment.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Association between dietary consumption patterns and the development of adolescent overnutrition in eastern Ethiopia: new perspectives.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Article
- Prevalence of obesity and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors, heart failure phenotype and mortality among patients hospitalized for heart failure in Egypt.The Egyptian heart journal : (EHJ) : official bulletin of the Egyptian Society of Cardiology · 2022Article
- The effect of unhealthy dietary habits on the incidence of dental caries and overweight/obesity among Egyptian school children (A cross-sectional study).Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of uterine fibroids in the last 30 years: Estimates from the 1990 to 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Unique situation of hepatocellular carcinoma in Egypt: A review of epidemiology and control measures.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2021Review
- Child-level double burden of malnutrition in the MENA and LAC regions: Prevalence and social determinants.Maternal & child nutrition · 2020Article
- Global burden of breast cancer and attributable risk factors in 195 countries and territories, from 1990 to 2017: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2019Article
- The obesity transition: stages of the global epidemic.The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology · 2019Review
- Interaction between Parental Education and Household Wealth on Children's Obesity Risk.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundObesity is a growing problem in lower income countries particularly among women. There are few studies exploring individual socioeconomic status indicators in depth. This study examines the interaction of education and wealth in relation to obesity, hypothesising that education protects against the obesogenic effect of wealth.
methodsFour datasets of women of reproductive age from the Egyptian Demographic and Health Surveys spanning the period 1992-2008 are used to examine two distinct time periods: 1992/95 (N = 11097) and 2005/08 (N = 23178). The association in the two time periods between education level and household wealth in relation to the odds of being obese is examined, and the interaction between the two socioeconomic indicators investigated. Estimates are adjusted for age group and area of residence.
resultsAn interaction was found between the association of education and wealth with obesity in both time periods (P-value for interaction <0.001). For women with the lowest education level, moving up one wealth quintile was associated with a 78% increase in the odds of obesity in 1992/95 (OR; 95%CI: 1.78; 1.65,1.91) and a 33% increase in 2005/08 (OR; 95%CI: 1.33; 1.26,1.39). For women with the highest level of education, there was little evidence of an association between wealth and obesity (OR; 95%CI: 0.82; 0.57,1.16 in 1992/95 and 0.95; 0.84,1.08 in 2005/08). Obesity levels increased most in women who were in the no/primary education, poorest wealth quintile and rural groups (absolute difference in prevalence percentage points between the two time periods: 20.2, 20.1, and 21.3 respectively).
conclusionIn the present study, wealth appears to be a risk factor for obesity in women with lower education levels, while women with higher education are protected. The findings also suggest that a reversal in the social distribution of obesity risk is occurring which can be explained by the large increase in obesity levels in lower socioeconomic groups between the two time periods.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.