ArticleDiabetologia2012
Age at menarche and risk of type 2 diabetes among African-American and white women in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study.
Article in Diabetologia, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evidence of ethnic variations in the relationships between routinely recorded clinical factors and T2D: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2025Pooled it
- Association of puberty timing with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2020Pooled it
- The influence of early-life conditions on cardiovascular disease later in life among ethnic minority populations: a systematic review.Internal and emergency medicine · 2016Pooled it
- Nongenetic determinants of age at menarche: a systematic review.BioMed research international · 2014Pooled it
- Association of age at menarche with type 2 diabetes mellitus among urban Indian women: results from the CARRS study.International journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Does age at menarche influence final height in female adolescents?Bioinformation · 2025Article
- Menarche age and the risk of diabetes: A cross-sectional study in South-Eastern Iran.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Association between age at menarche and cardiometabolic risk among Samoan adults.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2024Article
- [Secular trends of age at menarche and age at menopause in women born since 1951 from a county of Shandong Province, China].Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences · 2023Article
- Clinical and physical characteristics of thinness in adolescents: the HELENA study.European journal of nutrition · 2023Article
- Age at Menarche, Growth Velocity, and Adiposity Indices in Italian Girls Aged 10 to 14.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Association between Age at Menarche and Hyperhomocysteinemia among Women in Hunan, China: A Cross-Sectional Study.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- The China birth cohort study (CBCS).European journal of epidemiology · 2022Article
- Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics Attenuated Association of Age at Menarche With Type 2 Diabetes in Rural China.International journal of public health · 2022Article
- A secular trend in age at menarche in Yunnan Province, China: a multiethnic population study of 1,275,000 women.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Early menarche and its consequence in Korean female: reducing fructose intake could be one solution.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2021Article
- Menarche among rural adolescent girls in Dervan (Data from the KONKAN region of the state of Maharashtra, India).Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2020Article
- Early Menstrual Factors Are Associated with Adulthood Cardio-Metabolic Health in a Survey of Mexican Teachers.Maternal and child health journal · 2019Article
- Diseases of Civilization - Cancer, Diabetes, Obesity and Acne - the Implication of Milk, IGF-1 and mTORC1.Maedica · 2018Article
- Menarcheal Age and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Community-Based Cohort Study.Journal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aims/hypothesisWe examined race differences in the association between age at menarche and type 2 diabetes before and after adjustment for adiposity.
methodsWe analysed baseline and 9-year follow-up data from 8,491 women (n = 2,505 African-American, mean age 53.3 years; n = 5,986 white, mean age 54.0 years) in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Stratifying by race, we used logistic regression to estimate the OR for prevalent diabetes at baseline, and Cox proportional hazard models to estimate the HR for incident diabetes over follow-up according to age at menarche category (8-11, 12, 13, 14 and 15-18 years).
resultsAdjusting for age and centre, we found that early age at menarche (8-11 vs 13 years) was associated with diabetes for white, but not African-American women in both the prevalent (white OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.32, 2.25; African-American OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.84, 1.51; interaction p = 0.043) and incident models (white HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.08, 1.89; African-American HR 1.20, 95% CI 0.87, 1.67; interaction p = 0.527). Adjustment for adiposity and lifestyle confounders attenuated associations for prevalent (white OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.05, 1.89; African-American OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.68, 1.30; interaction p = 0.093) and incident diabetes (white HR 1.22, 95% CI 0.92, 1.63; African-American HR 1.11, 95% CI 0.80, 1.56; interaction p = 0.554). CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationEarly menarche was associated with type 2 diabetes in white women, and adulthood adiposity attenuated the relationship. We did not find a similar association in African-American women. Our findings suggest that there may be race/ethnic differences in the influence of developmental factors in the aetiology of type 2 diabetes, which merit further investigation.
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