ArticleJournal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology2012
Cholinesterase and paraoxonase (PON1) enzyme activities in Mexican-American mothers and children from an agricultural community.
Article in Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chronic exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides and neuropsychological functioning in farm workers: a review.International journal of occupational and environmental health · 2016Pooled it
- Neurodevelopmental effects in children associated with exposure to organophosphate pesticides: a systematic review.Neurotoxicology · 2013Pooled it
- Chlorpyrifos and Chlorpyrifos-Oxon: A Widening Spectrum of Toxicity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Determination of Pesticide Residue Levels and Serum Paraoxonase 1 Protein Levels in Obese Children: A Case-Control Study.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Article
- A Rare Presentation of Severe Organophosphate Poisoning: A Case Report and Review of Literature.Cureus · 2022Article
- Children Environmentally Exposed to Agrochemicals in Rural Areas Present Changes in Oxidative Status and DNA Damage.Biological trace element research · 2022Article
- PON1 DNA methylation and neurobehavior in Mexican-American children with prenatal organophosphate exposure.Environment international · 2018Article
- Blood cholinesterase activity levels of farmers in winter and hot season of Mae Taeng District, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2018Article
- Environmental exposure and effects on health of children from a tobacco-producing region.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2017Article
- Associations of maternal organophosphate pesticide exposure and PON1 activity with birth outcomes in SAWASDEE birth cohort, Thailand.Environmental research · 2015Article
- Recent progress in the genetics and epigenetics of paraoxonase: why it is relevant to children's environmental health.Current opinion in pediatrics · 2015Review
- Influence of nutritional factors and the PON1 C(-107)T polymorphism on paraoxonase-1 activity in childhood.Jornal de pediatriaArticle
- Variability in the take-home pathway: farmworkers and non-farmworkers and their children.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Exposure to organophosphate and carbamate pesticides can lead to neurotoxic effects through inhibition of cholinesterase enzymes. The paraoxonase (PON1) enzyme can detoxify oxon derivatives of some organophosphates. Lower PON1, acetylcholinesterase, and butyrylcholinesterase activities have been reported in newborns relative to adults, suggesting increased susceptibility to organophosphate exposure in young children. We determined PON1, acetylcholinesterase, and butyrylcholinesterase activities in Mexican-American mothers and their 9-year-old children (n=202 pairs) living in an agricultural community. We used Wilcoxon signed-rank tests to compare enzymatic activities among mothers and their children, and analysis of variance to identify factors associated with enzyme activities. Substrate-specific PON1 activities were slightly lower in children than their mothers; however, these differences were only statistically significant for the paraoxon substrate. We observed significantly lower acetylcholinesterase but higher butyrylcholinesterase levels in children compared with their mothers. Mean butyrylcholinesterase levels were strongly associated with child obesity status (body mass index Z scores >95%). We observed highly significant correlations among mother-child pairs for each of the enzymatic activities analyzed; however, PON1 activities did not correlate with acetylcholinesterase or butyrylcholinesterase activities. Our findings suggest that by age 9 years, PON1 activities approach adult levels, and host factors including sex and obesity may affect key enzymes involved in pesticide metabolism.
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