SynthesisCritical care (London, England)2012
The confusion assessment method for the intensive care unit (CAM-ICU) and intensive care delirium screening checklist (ICDSC) for the diagnosis of delirium: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies.
Synthesis in Critical care (London, England), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 248 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Postoperative Delirium After Total Knee Arthroplasty Under Regional Anesthesia: a Comparison Between Intraoperative Sedation With Fentanyl, Fentanyl-dexmedetomidine and Fentanyl-propofol
Constructing a Model of Pupillary Parameters in Predicting Delirium Among Critically Ill Patients in the Intensive Unit
Effects of Transcutaneous Vagal Nerve Stimulation on Post-Surgical Return to Consciousness, Delirium, and Depression
Who cites it
248 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 556 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk prediction models for delirium in ICU patients: a systematic review and critical appraisal.BMC anesthesiology · 2025Pooled it
- Transfusion thresholds and other strategies for guiding red blood cell transfusion.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Association between the use of midazolam, fentanyl, propofol, ketamine, and dexmedetomidine and the incidence of delirium in elderly patients in intensive care units: a systematic review.Sao Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina · 2025Pooled it
- Preventive effects of first-generation antihistamine on emergence agitation or delirium: a systematic review.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of intravenous glucocorticoids on postoperative delirium in adult patients undergoing major surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis.BMC anesthesiology · 2023Pooled it
- Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU) for the diagnosis of delirium in adults in critical care settings.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Heterogeneity in the definition of delirium in ICUs and association with the intervention effect in randomized controlled trials: a meta-epidemiological study.Critical care (London, England) · 2023Pooled it
- Associations Between Stroke Localization and Delirium: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association · 2022Pooled it
- Delirium in neurosurgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurosurgical review · 2022Pooled it
- Interventions for preventing intensive care unit delirium in adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Effect of a communication robot in the prevention of postoperative delirium in older persons: A randomized controlled trial.PloS one · 2025Trial
- Prophylactic melatonin for delirium in intensive care (Pro-MEDIC): a randomized controlled trial.Intensive care medicine · 2022Trial
- Comparison and Clinical Value of Ciprofol and Propofol in Intraoperative Adverse Reactions, Operation, Resuscitation, and Satisfaction of Patients under Painless Gastroenteroscopy Anesthesia.Contrast media & molecular imaging · 2022Trial
- Pupillometric Monitoring of Nociception in Cardiac Anesthesia.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2020Trial
- Delirium prediction in the intensive care unit: comparison of two delirium prediction models.Critical care (London, England) · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Safety and Acceptability of Patient-Administered Sedatives During Mechanical Ventilation.American journal of critical care : an official publication, American Association of Critical-Care Nurses · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Prophylactic Melatonin for Delirium in Intensive Care (Pro-MEDIC): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.Trials · 2017Trial
- Reply to the letter by Eylem Yaşar et al.Journal of anesthesia · 2026Article
188 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionDelirium is a frequent form of acute brain dysfunction in critically ill patients, and several detection tools for it have been developed for use in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The objective of this study is to evaluate the current evidence on the accuracy of the Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU) and the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC) for the diagnosis of delirium in critically ill patients.
methodsA systematic review was conducted to identify articles on the evaluation of the CAM-ICU and the ICDSC in ICU patients. A MEDLINE, SciELO, CINAHL and EMBASE databases search was performed for articles published in the English language, involving adult populations and comparing these diagnostic tools with the gold standard, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria. Results were summarized by meta-analysis. The QUADAS scale was used to assess the quality of the studies.
resultsNine studies evaluating the CAM-ICU (including 969 patients) and four evaluating the ICDSC (n = 361 patients) were included in the final analysis. The pooled sensitivity of the CAM-ICU was 80.0% (95% confidence interval (CI): 77.1 to 82.6%), and the pooled specificity was 95.9% (95% CI: 94.8 to 96.8%). The diagnostic odds ratio was 103.2 (95% CI: 39.6 to 268.8). The pooled area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.97. The pooled sensitivity of the ICDSC was 74% (95% CI: 65.3 to 81.5%), and the pooled specificity was 81.9% (95% CI: 76.7 to 86.4%). The diagnostic odds ratio was 21.5 (95% CI: 8.51 to 54.4). The AUC was 0.89.
conclusionsThe CAM-ICU is an excellent diagnostic tool in critically ill ICU patients, whereas the ICDSC has moderate sensitivity and good specificity. The available data suggest that both CAM-ICU and the ICDSC can be used as a screening tool for the diagnosis of delirium in critically ill patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.