ArticleOncoimmunology2012
Trial Watch: Immunostimulatory cytokines.
Article in Oncoimmunology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phase II trial of a GM-CSF-producing and CD40L-expressing bystander cell line combined with an allogeneic tumor cell-based vaccine for refractory lung adenocarcinoma.Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997) · 2013Trial
- Facts and Hopes: CAR T-Cell Therapy and Immune Contexture in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025Review
- Digital Pathology for Better Clinical Practice.Cancers · 2024Review
- Principles of risk assessment in colon cancer: immunity is key.Oncoimmunology · 2024Review
- Article
- Light on life: immunoscore immune-checkpoint, a predictor of immunotherapy response.Oncoimmunology · 2023Review
- Inflammatory Cytokines and Radiotherapy in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Evasion before invasion: Pre-cancer immunosurveillance.Oncoimmunology · 2021Article
- Article
- Expand to shield: IL-15 andOncoimmunology · 2021Review
- The immune contexture and Immunoscore in cancer prognosis and therapeutic efficacy.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2020Review
- Host-Directed Antiviral Therapy.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2020Review
- Development of latent Interferon alpha 2b as a safe therapeutic for treatment of Hepatitis C virus infection.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Article
- Cytokines and radiation-induced pulmonary injuries.Journal of radiation research · 2018Review
- Human natural killer cells: news in the therapy of solid tumors and high-risk leukemias.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2016Review
- Targeting Tumor Cells with Anti-CD44 Antibody Triggers Macrophage-Mediated Immune Modulatory Effects in a Cancer Xenograft Model.PloS one · 2016Article
- Trial Watch: Adoptive cell transfer for oncological indications.Oncoimmunology · 2015Review
- Three steps to breaking immune tolerance to lymphoma: a microparticle approach.Cancer immunology research · 2015Article
- Therapeutic properties of a vector carrying the HSV thymidine kinase and GM-CSF genes and delivered as a complex with a cationic copolymer.Journal of translational medicine · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
During the last two decades, a number of approaches for the activation of the immune system against cancer has been developed. These include highly specific interventions, such as monoclonal antibodies, vaccines and cell-based therapies, as well as relatively unselective strategies, such as the systemic administration of adjuvants and immunomodulatory cytokines. Cytokines constitute a huge group of proteins that, taken together, regulate not only virtually all the aspects of innate and cognate immunity, but also several other cellular and organismal functions. Cytokines operate via specific transmembrane receptors that are expressed on the plasma membrane of target cells and, depending on multiple variables, can engage autocrine, paracrine or endocrine signaling pathways. The most appropriate term for defining the cytokine network is "pleiotropic": cytokines are produced by - and operate on - multiple, often overlapping, cell types, triggering context-depend biological outcomes as diverse as cell proliferation, chemotaxis, differentiation, inflammation, elimination of pathogens and cell death. Moreover, cytokines often induce the release of additional cytokines, thereby engaging self-amplificatory or self-inhibitory signaling cascades. In this Trial Watch, we will summarize the biological properties of cytokines and discuss the progress of ongoing clinical studies evaluating their safety and efficacy as immunomodulatory agents against cancer.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.