ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2012
Dominance of the CD4(+) T helper cell response during acute resolving hepatitis A virus infection.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Natural killer cells and IFN-γ protect against liver injury during HAV infection in mice.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Orchestration of hepatocyte inflammatory responses by monocytes during acute viral hepatitis in ducks in vitro.Veterinary research · 2025Article
- Age dependent susceptibility and immune responses to La Crosse virus infection in non-human primates.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Redefining the immune landscape of hepatitis A virus infection.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Hepatocellular carcinoma: pathogenesis, molecular mechanisms, and treatment advances.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Review
- Mechanisms governing bystander activation of T cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Hepatitis A virus infection.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2023Review
- Review
- Viral protease cleavage of MAVS in genetically modified mice with hepatitis A virus infection.Journal of hepatology · 2023Article
- Macrophage Depletion Reactivates Fecal Virus Shedding following Resolution of Acute Hepatitis A inJournal of virology · 2022Article
- Immune Mechanisms Underlying Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Seroclearance in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients With Viral Coinfection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Significance of bystander T cell activation in microbial infection.Nature immunology · 2022Review
- Pathogenicity and virulence of hepatitis A virus.Virulence · 2021Review
- T cells protect against hepatitis A virus infection and limit infection-induced liver injury.Journal of hepatology · 2021Article
- Prolonged Gut Dysbiosis and Fecal Excretion of Hepatitis A Virus in Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Viruses · 2021Observational
- Resolution of hepatitis E virus infection in CD8+ T cell-depleted rhesus macaques.Journal of hepatology · 2021Article
- IRF3-mediated pathogenicity in a murine model of human hepatitis A.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Mechanisms of Hepatocellular Injury in Hepatitis A.Viruses · 2021Review
- Role of CD4+ T Cells in the Control of Viral Infections: Recent Advances and Open Questions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection typically resolves within 4-7 wk but symptomatic relapse occurs in up to 20% of cases. Immune mechanisms that terminate acute HAV infection, and prevent a relapse of virus replication and liver disease, are unknown. Here, patterns of T cell immunity, virus replication, and hepatocellular injury were studied in two HAV-infected chimpanzees. HAV-specific CD8(+) T cells were either not detected in the blood or failed to display effector function until after viremia and hepatitis began to subside. The function of CD8(+) T cells improved slowly as the cells acquired a memory phenotype but was largely restricted to production of IFN-γ. In contrast, CD4(+) T cells produced multiple cytokines when viremia first declined. Moreover, only CD4(+) T cells responded during a transient resurgence of fecal HAV shedding. This helper response then contracted slowly over several months as HAV genomes were eliminated from liver. The findings indicate a dominant role for CD4(+) T cells in the termination of HAV infection and, possibly, surveillance of an intrahepatic reservoir of HAV genomes that decays slowly. Rapid contraction or failure to sustain such a CD4(+) T cell response after resolution of symptoms could increase the risk of relapsing hepatitis A.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.