ArticlePsychosomatic medicine
The integration of depressive behaviors and cardiac dysfunction during an operational measure of depression: investigating the role of negative social experiences in an animal model.
Article in Psychosomatic medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Classical Music on Behavioral and Physiological Stress Markers in Socially Isolated Prairie Voles.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2026Article
- Voluntary exercise is a moderately effective mitigator of chronic social isolation stress in two female rodent models.Physiology & behavior · 2025Article
- Protective effects of exercise on responses to combined social and environmental stress in prairie voles.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2025Article
- Voluntary wheel running as a promising strategy to promote autonomic resilience to social stress in females: Vagal tone lies at the heart of the matter.Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical · 2024Review
- Pathological Changes and Metabolic Adaptation in the Myocardium of Rats in Response to Chronic Variable Mild Stress.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The Influence of Environmental Enrichment on Affective and Neural Consequences of Social Isolation Across Development.Affective science · 2022Article
- Cardioprotective Effects of Oroxylum indicum Extract Against Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cardiotoxicity.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2022Article
- Differential paraventricular nucleus activation and behavioral responses to social isolation in prairie voles following environmental enrichment with and without physical exercise.Social neuroscience · 2021Article
- Behavioral and neuroendocrine consequences of disrupting a long-term monogamous social bond in aging prairie voles.Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2021Article
- Cardiac and behavioral effects of social isolation and experimental manipulation of autonomic balance.Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical · 2018Article
- Social isolation alters central nervous system monoamine content in prairie voles following acute restraint.Social neuroscience · 2018Article
- The Value of Comparative Animal Research: Krogh's Principle Facilitates Scientific Discoveries.Policy insights from the behavioral and brain sciences · 2018Article
- Pathogenesis of depression- and anxiety-like behavior in an animal model of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2017Article
- Maternal depression during pregnancy is associated with increased birth weight in term infants.Developmental psychobiology · 2017Article
- Opinion: "Heart Rate Variability, Health and Well-Being: A Systems Perspective" Research Topic.Frontiers in public health · 2017Article
- Neuropeptide Regulation of Social Attachment: The Prairie Vole Model.Comprehensive Physiology · 2016Review
- Emotional Stress and Cardiovascular Complications in Animal Models: A Review of the Influence of Stress Type.Frontiers in physiology · 2016Review
- Effects of population density on corticosterone levels of prairie voles in the field.General and comparative endocrinology · 2016Article
- Role of peripheral vascular resistance for the association between major depression and cardiovascular disease.Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology · 2015Review
- Interoceptive dysfunction: toward an integrated framework for understanding somatic and affective disturbance in depression.Psychological bulletin · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThere is a bidirectional association between depression and cardiovascular disease. The neurobiological mechanisms underlying this association may involve an inability to cope with disrupted social bonds. This study investigated in an animal model the integration of depressive behaviors and cardiac dysfunction after a disrupted social bond and during an operational measure of depression, relative to the protective effects of intact social bonds.
methodsDepressive behaviors in the forced swim test and continuous electrocardiographic parameters were measured in 14 adult, female socially monogamous prairie voles (rodents), after 4 weeks of social pairing or isolation.
resultsAfter social isolation, animals exhibited (all values are mean ± standard error of the mean; isolated versus paired, respectively) increased heart rate (416 ± 14 versus 370 ± 14 bpm, p < .05) and reduced heart rate variability (3.3 ± 0.2 versus 3.9 ± 0.2 ln(ms(2))). During the forced swim test, isolated animals exhibited greater helpless behavior (immobility = 106 ± 11 versus 63 ± 11 seconds, p < .05), increased heart rate (530 ± 22 versus 447 ± 15 bpm, p < .05), reduced heart rate variability (1.8 ± 0.4 versus 2.7 ± 0.2 ln(ms(2)), p < .05), and increased arrhythmias (arrhythmic burden score = 181 ± 46 versus 28 ± 12, p < .05).
conclusionsThe display of depressive behaviors during an operational measure of depression is coupled with increased heart rate, reduced heart rate variability, and increased arrhythmias, indicative of dysfunctional behavioral and physiological stress coping abilities as a function of social isolation. In contrast, social pairing with a sibling is behaviorally protective and cardioprotective. The present results can provide insight into a possible social mechanism underlying the association between depression and cardiovascular disease in humans.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.