Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22753500›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2012

Cardiomyocyte-specific IκB kinase (IKK)/NF-κB activation induces reversible inflammatory cardiomyopathy and heart failure.

Harald J Maier, Tobias G Schips, Astrid Wietelmann, Marcus Krüger, Cornelia Brunner, Martina Sauter, Karin Klingel, Thomas Böttger, Thomas Braun, Thomas Wirth

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
100citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.0field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

100 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 169 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Multicellular senescence programs in the aged heart.Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology plus · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Signaling pathways and potential therapeutic agents in trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026
    Review
  8. When ISG15 is involved in inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026
    Review
  9. Cardiomyocytes regulate Inflammation in the failing heart.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Interferons and interferon-related pathways in heart disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Hallmarks of cardiovascular ageing.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2023
    Review
  17. SGLT2 Inhibitors in Aging-Related Cardiovascular Disease: A Review of Potential Mechanisms.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2023
    Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Harald J MaierInstitute of Physiological Chemistry, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
Tobias G Schips
Astrid Wietelmann
Marcus Krüger
Cornelia Brunner
Martina Sauter
Karin Klingel
Thomas Böttger
Thomas Braun
Thomas Wirth
Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research · DEUniversität Ulm · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Inflammation is a major factor in heart disease. IκB kinase (IKK) and its downstream target NF-κB are regulators of inflammation and are activated in cardiac disorders, but their precise contributions and targets are unclear. We analyzed IKK/NF-κB function in the heart by a gain-of-function approach, generating an inducible transgenic mouse model with cardiomyocyte-specific expression of constitutively active IKK2. In adult animals, IKK2 activation led to inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Transgenic hearts showed infiltration with CD11b(+) cells, fibrosis, fetal reprogramming, and atrophy of myocytes with strong constitutively active IKK2 expression. Upon transgene inactivation, the disease was reversible even at an advanced stage. IKK-induced cardiomyopathy was dependent on NF-κB activation, as in vivo expression of IκBα superrepressor, an inhibitor of NF-κB, prevented the development of disease. Gene expression and proteomic analyses revealed enhanced expression of inflammatory cytokines, and an IFN type I signature with activation of the IFN-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) pathway. In that respect, IKK-induced cardiomyopathy resembled Coxsackievirus-induced myocarditis, during which the NF-κB and ISG15 pathways were also activated. Vice versa, in cardiomyocytes lacking the regulatory subunit of IKK (IKKγ/NEMO), the induction of ISG15 was attenuated. We conclude that IKK/NF-κB activation in cardiomyocytes is sufficient to cause cardiomyopathy and heart failure by inducing an excessive inflammatory response and myocyte atrophy.

Indexed as

Analysis of VarianceAnimalsBlotting, WesternCardiomyopathiesCD11b AntigenElectrophoretic Mobility Shift AssayEnzyme ActivationGene Expression ProfilingHeart FailureHistological TechniquesI-kappa B KinaseI-kappa B ProteinsLuminescent MeasurementsMiceMice, TransgenicMicroscopy, FluorescenceCD11b AntigenI-kappa B KinaseI-kappa B ProteinsIkbkb protein, mouseNF-kappa BNF-KappaB Inhibitor alphaNfkbia protein, mouse

Identifiers

PMID22753500
PMCPMC3406816
OpenAlexW2069754433

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.