ReviewCurrent HIV/AIDS reports2012
Management of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.
Review in Current HIV/AIDS reports, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review of hepatic tuberculosis with considerations in human immunodeficiency virus co-infection.BMC infectious diseases · 2015Pooled it
- Prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in HIV-infected adults and adolescents: Updated Guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institutes of Health, and HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2014Guideline
- Incidence of paradoxical tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome and impact on patient outcome.PloS one · 2013Trial
- Peritoneal and nodal abdominal tuberculosis presenting as intestinal obstruction mimicking malignancy: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2026Article
- Prolonged Paradoxical TB-IRIS: 2 Case Reports and a Review of the Literature.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Miliary Tuberculosis: A Comprehensive Review of Epidemiology, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Complications.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- DisseminatedInfection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Star-Shaped Glatiramer Acetate Mitigates Pulmonary Dysfunction and Brain Neuroinflammation in a Murine Model of Cryptococcus-Associated IRIS.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia-Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: A review of published cases.HIV medicine · 2025Review
- Regulatory T Cells Kinetics in Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in HIV-Tuberculosis Co-Infected Individuals.Journal of molecular and clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Tuberculous compound palmar ganglion: unravelling a rare diagnosis.International journal of burns and trauma · 2025Article
- Article
- Southern African HIV Clinicians Society guideline on the management of non-tuberculous mycobacteria in people with HIV.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2024Article
- Spectacular Improvement of Paradoxical Reaction in Tuberculosis after Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Antagonist Therapy.Cureus · 2023Article
- T cell infiltration into the brain triggers pulmonary dysfunction in murine Cryptococcus-associated IRIS.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Exploiting antifungal immunity in the clinical context.Seminars in immunology · 2023Review
- Changes in Brain Volumes Are Relevant during Natalizumab-Associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: Lessons from a Case Report.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Complexity ofBMJ case reports · 2021Article
- DisseminatedBMJ case reports · 2021Article
- Cryptococcal Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome: From Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers to Treatment Approaches.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is a frequent early complication of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in patients with advanced HIV. Because there is no confirmatory diagnostic test, the diagnosis is based on clinical presentation and exclusion of alternative causes for deterioration, such as antimicrobial drug resistance. Opportunistic infection treatment should be optimized. Mild cases may require symptomatic therapy alone or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Corticosteroids have been used to treat more severe cases of IRIS associated with mycobacterial and fungal infections. There is evidence from a randomized controlled trial that prednisone reduces morbidity and improves symptoms in paradoxical tuberculosis (TB)-IRIS. Neurological TB-IRIS is potentially life-threatening; high-dose corticosteroids are indicated and ART interruption should be considered if level of consciousness is depressed. When considering corticosteroid treatment clinicians should be aware of their side effects and only use them when the diagnosis of IRIS is certain. In viral forms of IRIS corticosteroids are generally avoided.
Indexed as
Identifiers
22752438What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.