ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2012
Consumption of lysozyme-rich milk can alter microbial fecal populations.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Trial
- Microbiota changes in lactation in the short-beaked echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus).FEMS microbiology ecology · 2025Article
- Consortium ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Milk Bioactive Compounds and Gut Microbiota Modulation: The Role of Whey Proteins and Milk Oligosaccharides.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Antimicrobial Properties of Colostrum and Milk.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Comparing microbiotas of foals and their mares' milk in the first two weeks after birth.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- Impact of breastfeeding and other early-life factors on the development of the oral microbiome.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Human Milk Microbiome and Microbiome-Related Products: Potential Modulators of Infant Growth.Nutrients · 2022Review
- A multi-omics approach to elucidate the mechanisms of action of a dietary muramidase administered to broiler chickens.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Applications of Lysozyme, an Innate Immune Defense Factor, as an Alternative Antibiotic.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Decreased production of epithelial-derived antimicrobial molecules at mucosal barriers during early life.Mucosal immunology · 2021Article
- A muramidase from Acremonium alcalophilum hydrolyse peptidoglycan found in the gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens.Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology · 2021Article
- Human milk immunomodulatory proteins are related to development of infant body composition during the first year of lactation.Pediatric research · 2021Observational
- Peptides from the Intestinal Tract of Breast Milk-Fed Infants Have Antimicrobial and Bifidogenic Activity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Gut Microbiota Influence in Hematological Malignancies: From Genesis to Cure.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Bioactive Compounds in Infant Formula and Their Effects on Infant Nutrition and Health: A Systematic Literature Review.International journal of food science · 2021Review
- Human milk and infant formula differentially alters the microbiota composition and functional gene relative abundance in the small and large intestines in weanling rats.European journal of nutrition · 2020Article
- Fecal bacteria and metabolite responses to dietary lysozyme in a sow model from late gestation until lactation.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Dietary Lysozyme Alters Sow's Gut Microbiota, Serum Immunity and Milk Metabolite Profile.Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human milk contains antimicrobial factors such as lysozyme and lactoferrin that are thought to contribute to the development of an intestinal microbiota beneficial to host health. However, these factors are lacking in the milk of dairy animals. Here we report the establishment of an animal model to allow the dissection of the role of milk components in gut microbiota modulation and subsequent changes in overall and intestinal health. Using milk from transgenic goats expressing human lysozyme at 68%, the level found in human milk and young pigs as feeding subjects, the fecal microbiota was analyzed over time using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and the G2 Phylochip. The two methods yielded similar results, with the G2 Phylochip giving more comprehensive information by detecting more OTUs. Total community populations remained similar within the feeding groups, and community member diversity was changed significantly upon consumption of lysozyme milk. Levels of Firmicutes (Clostridia) declined whereas those of Bacteroidetes increased over time in response to the consumption of lysozyme-rich milk. The proportions of these major phyla were significantly different (P < 0.05) from the proportions seen with control-fed animals after 14 days of feeding. Within phyla, the abundance of bacteria associated with gut health (Bifidobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae) increased and the abundance of those associated with disease (Mycobacteriaceae, Streptococcaceae, Campylobacterales) decreased with consumption of lysozyme milk. This study demonstrated that a single component of the diet with bioactivity changed the gut microbiome composition. Additionally, this model enabled the direct examination of the impact of lysozyme on beneficial microbe enrichment versus detrimental microbe reduction in the gut microbiome community.
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Registered trials
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