Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22750642›Full record

ReviewPharmacology & therapeutics2012

The sodium iodide symporter (NIS): regulation and approaches to targeting for cancer therapeutics.

Takahiko Kogai, Gregory A Brent

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Pharmacology & therapeutics, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
99citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
8.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

99 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 181 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. The effect ofFrontiers in endocrinology · 2025
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  16. Thyroid-Targeted Nano-Bombs Empower HIFU for Graves' Disease.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
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  17. Review
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39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Takahiko KogaiMolecular Endocrinology Laboratory, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Departments of Medicine and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA. tkogai@ucla.edu
Gregory A Brent
VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System · US

Funding

REGULATION OF THE SODIUM/IODIDE SYMPORTER IN BREASTR01CA089364 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI BRENT, GREGORY A · 2001 to 2011
$1.9M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA089364
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Expression of the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) is required for efficient iodide uptake in thyroid and lactating breast. Since most differentiated thyroid cancer expresses NIS, β-emitting radioactive iodide is routinely utilized to target remnant thyroid cancer and metastasis after total thyroidectomy. Stimulation of NIS expression by high levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone is necessary to achieve radioiodide uptake into thyroid cancer that is sufficient for therapy. The majority of breast cancer also expresses NIS, but at a low level insufficient for radioiodine therapy. Retinoic acid is a potent NIS inducer in some breast cancer cells. NIS is also modestly expressed in some non-thyroidal tissues, including salivary glands, lacrimal glands and stomach. Selective induction of iodide uptake is required to target tumors with radioiodide. Iodide uptake in mammalian cells is dependent on the level of NIS gene expression, but also successful translocation of NIS to the cell membrane and correct insertion. The regulatory mechanisms of NIS expression and membrane insertion are regulated by signal transduction pathways that differ by tissue. Differential regulation of NIS confers selective induction of functional NIS in thyroid cancer cells, as well as some breast cancer cells, leading to more efficient radioiodide therapy for thyroid cancer and a new strategy for breast cancer therapy. The potential for systemic radioiodide treatment of a range of other cancers, that do not express endogenous NIS, has been demonstrated in models with tumor-selective introduction of exogenous NIS.

Indexed as

AnimalsGene Expression RegulationGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansIodine RadioisotopesModels, BiologicalMolecular Targeted TherapyNeoplasmsProtein TransportRadionuclide ImagingSignal TransductionSodium-Iodide SymportersSymportersTretinoinIodine RadioisotopesSodium-Iodide SymportersSymportersTretinoin

Identifiers

PMID22750642
PMCPMC3408573
OpenAlexW2063665939

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.