ArticleImmunity2012
Priming of natural killer cells by nonmucosal mononuclear phagocytes requires instructive signals from commensal microbiota.
Article in Immunity, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 298 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
298 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 477 citations in OpenAlex.
- Malaria and the Microbiome: A Systematic Review.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Pooled it
- Dissection of MAPK and NF-κB p65 signaling dynamics underlying LPS tolerance in macrophages at the single-cell level.Biotechnology reports (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Mitochondria Meet the Lung Microbiome: A Bidirectional Dialogue in Inflammation and Respiratory Diseases.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Purine and pyrimidine-based bacterial cyclic dinucleotides egress the phagosome and activate the innate immune sensor STING.Immunity · 2026Article
- A Bacterial Microbiome Is Dispensable for the Induction of CD8 T Cell Exhaustion.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- The Microbiota as a Potential Cause of Disease.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Antibiotics promote susceptibility tobioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Epigenetic Alterations in Microbiome-Host Interactions in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Gut commensal Lactobacillus strain induces a balanced trained immunity phenotype to enhance vaccine efficacy through JAK-STAT-SOCS pathway.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Harnessing the Microbiome in Cancer Immunotherapy: Regulation, Prediction, and Therapeutic Targeting.Annual review of immunology · 2026Review
- Increased Constitutive Interferon-β Levels and Altered CD4 T Cell Homeostasis Induced by Expression of a Viral Glycoprotein.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- The expansion of culturable opportunistic pathogens and antibiotic resistance in mouse gut following antibiotic exposure.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Gut-microbiota-mediated host immune modulation: mechanisms, pathological dysbiosis, and therapeutic frontiers.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- May nutrients and dietary supplements influence the gut-lung microbiota axis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and exacerbations?Archives of medical science : AMS · 2026Article
- Metronidazole-mediated gut anaerobe remodeling is associated with transplant rejection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Basal IFNλ2/3 signaling is required for ISG expression and viral control in human intestinal epithelial cells.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- The role of gut microbiota and its metabolites in preventing oncogenesis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Distinct gastrointestinal microbial signatures predict parasite levels in controlled Plasmodium infections in both rhesus macaques and humans.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Aryl hydrocarbon receptor restrains tonic cytokine responses by inhibiting microbiota sensing in monocytes.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Tonic type I interferon signaling optimizes the antiviral function of plasmacytoid dendritic cells.Nature immunology · 2025Article
238 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mononuclear phagocytes are an important component of an innate immune system perceived as a system ready to react upon encounter of pathogens. Here, we show that in response to microbial stimulation, mononuclear phagocytes residing in nonmucosal lymphoid organs of germ-free mice failed to induce expression of a set of inflammatory response genes, including those encoding the various type I interferons (IFN-I). Consequently, NK cell priming and antiviral immunity were severely compromised. Whereas pattern recognition receptor signaling and nuclear translocation of the transcription factors NF-κB and IRF3 were normal in mononuclear phagocytes of germ-free mice, binding to their respective cytokine promoters was impaired, which correlated with the absence of activating histone marks. Our data reveal a previously unrecognized role for postnatally colonizing microbiota in the introduction of chromatin level changes in the mononuclear phagocyte system, thereby poising expression of central inflammatory genes to initiate a powerful systemic immune response during viral infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.