Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22747989›Full record

ArticleBMC family practice2012

Feeling labeled, judged, lectured, and rejected by family and friends over depression: cautionary results for primary care clinicians from a multi-centered, qualitative study.

Erik Fernandez Y-Garcia, Paul Duberstein, Debora A Paterniti, Camille S Cipri, Richard L Kravitz, Ronald M Epstein

Open access · goldAbstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC family practice, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.0field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Erik Fernandez Y-GarciaDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA. erik.fernandez@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu
Paul Duberstein
Debora A Paterniti
Camille S Cipri
Richard L Kravitz
Ronald M Epstein
Center For Policy Research · USUniversity of California, Davis · USUniversity of Rochester Medical Center · US

Funding

Targeted and Tailored Messages to Enhance Depression CareR01MH079387 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI KRAVITZ, RICHARD L · 2007 to 2011
$3.4M
Improving Care for Comorbid Physical and Mental IllnessK24MH072756 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS · PI KRAVITZ, RICHARD L · 2005 to 2009
$643k
DS NIH HHS R01MH79387-DSNIMH NIH HHS K24MH72756NIMH NIH HHS R01MH79387
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFamily and friends may help patients seek out and engage in depression care. However, patients' social networks can also undermine depression treatment and recovery. In an effort to improve depression care in primary care settings, we sought to identify, categorize, and alert primary care clinicians to depression-related messages that patients hear from friends and family that patients perceive as unhelpful or detrimental.

methodsWe conducted 15 focus groups in 3 cities. Participants (n = 116) with a personal history or knowledge of depression responded to open-ended questions about depression, including self-perceived barriers to care-seeking. Focus group conversations were audio-recorded and analyzed using iterative qualitative analysis.

resultsFour themes emerged related to negatively-received depression messages delivered by family and friends. Specifically, participants perceived these messages as making them feel labeled, judged, lectured to, and rejected by family and friends when discussing depression. Some participants also expressed their interpretation of their families' motivations for delivering the messages and described how hearing these messages affected depression care.

conclusionsThe richness of our results reflects the complexity of communication within depression sufferers' social networks around this stigmatized issue. To leverage patients' social support networks effectively in depression care, primary care clinicians should be aware of both the potentially beneficial and detrimental aspects of social support. Specifically, clinicians should consider using open-ended queries into patients' experiences with discussing depression with family and friends as an initial step in the process. An open-ended approach may avoid future emotional trauma or stigmatization and assist patients in overcoming self-imposed barriers to depression discussion, symptom disclosure, treatment adherence and follow-up care.

Indexed as

Family RelationsFriendsProfessional-Patient RelationsSocial StigmaSocial SupportAdultCaliforniaDepressive DisorderDisclosureFemaleFocus GroupsHumansInterpersonal RelationsInterviews as TopicMaleMiddle Aged

Identifiers

PMID22747989
PMCPMC3495682
OpenAlexW1966316522

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.