ArticleGlobalization and health2012
Availability, prices and affordability of the World Health Organization's essential medicines for children in Guatemala.
Article in Globalization and health, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global, regional and national availability of essential medicines for children, 2009-2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2023Pooled it
- A multi-state cross-sectional assessment of essential medicine availability in Sudan during armed conflict.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Reconceptualizing access: advancing pharmaceutical equity for health system resilience in Central and South America.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2026Article
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- Availability of essential medicines, inventory management practices, and related challenges in internally displaced persons (IDP) camps, eastern Amhara, Ethiopia: an explanatory sequential mixed study.Conflict and health · 2025Article
- Evaluating the World Health Organization's Hearts Model for Hypertension and Diabetes Management: A Pilot Implementation Study in Guatemala.Global heart · 2025Article
- Missed nursing care and associated factors among nurses at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia, 2022.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Evaluating the World Health Organization's HEARTS Model for Hypertension and Diabetes Management: A Pilot Implementation Study in Guatemala.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Implementing integrated hypertension and diabetes management using the World Health Organization's HEARTS model: protocol for a pilot study in the Guatemalan national primary care system.Implementation science communications · 2024Article
- The role of the private sector in noncommunicable disease prevention and management in low- and middle-income countries: a series of systematic reviews and thematic syntheses.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2023Review
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- Self-medication and ILI etiologies among individuals presenting at pharmacies with influenza-like illness: Guatemala City, 2018 influenza season.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Accessibility of Essential Medicines for Children in Sichuan Province of China: A Cross-Sectional Study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Availability and affordability of children essential medicines in health facilities of southern nations, nationalities, and people region, Ethiopia: key determinants for access.BMC public health · 2021Article
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- Article
- Accessibility of Medicines for Children: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Availability of Essential Medicines in a Country in Conflict: A Quantitative Insight from Yemen.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Availability, price, and affordability of WHO priority maternal and child health medicine in public health facilities of Dessie, north-East Ethiopia.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSeveral World Health Organization (WHO) initiatives aim to improve the accessibility of safe and effective medicines for children. A first step in achieving this goal is to obtain a baseline measure of access to essential medicines. The objective of this project was to measure the availability, prices, and affordability of children's medicines in Guatemala.
methodsAn adaption of the standardized methodology developed by the World Health Organization and Health Action International (HAI) was used to conduct a cross sectional survey to collect data on availability and final patient prices of medicines in public and private sector medicine outlets during April and May of 2010.
resultsA subset of the public sector, Programa de Accesibilidad a los Medicamentos (PROAM), had the lowest average availability (25%) compared to the private sector (35%). In the private sector, highest and lowest priced medicines were 22.7 and 10.7 times more expensive than their international reference price comparison. Treatments were generally unaffordable, costing as much as 15 days wages for a course of ceftriaxone.
conclusionsAnalysis of the procurement, supply and distribution of specific medicines is needed to determine reasons for lack of availability. Improvements to accessibility could be made by developing an essential medicines list for children and including these medicines in national purchasing lists.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.