ArticleBMC evolutionary biology2012
Independent specialisation of myosin II paralogues in muscle vs. non-muscle functions during early animal evolution: a ctenophore perspective.
Article in BMC evolutionary biology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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18 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuromuscular organization of the benthic ctenophore, Vallicula multiformis.Zoological letters · 2024Article
- Multigenerational laboratory culture of pelagic ctenophores and CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing in the lobate Mnemiopsis leidyi.Nature protocols · 2022Review
- MRTF specifies a muscle-like contractile module in Porifera.Nature communications · 2022Article
- HES and Mox genes are expressed during early mesoderm formation in a mollusk with putative ancestral features.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Early animal evolution: a morphologist's view.Royal Society open science · 2019Review
- Article
- Smooth muscle-like CaScientific reports · 2018Article
- Acoel regeneration mechanisms indicate an ancient role for muscle in regenerative patterning.Nature communications · 2017Article
- Article
- Diversity of Cnidarian Muscles: Function, Anatomy, Development and Regeneration.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2016Review
- Comparative study of Hippo pathway genes in cellular conveyor belts of a ctenophore and a cnidarian.EvoDevo · 2016Article
- Gastric pouches and the mucociliary sole: setting the stage for nervous system evolution.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2015Review
- An invertebrate smooth muscle with striated muscle myosin filaments.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2015Article
- Article
- Shared gene structures and clusters of mutually exclusive spliced exons within the metazoan muscle myosin heavy chain genes.PloS one · 2014Article
- At the origin of animals: the revolutionary cambrian fossil record.Current genomics · 2013Article
- Evidence for involvement of Wnt signalling in body polarities, cell proliferation, and the neuro-sensory system in an adult ctenophore.PloS one · 2013Article
- Evo-devo of non-bilaterian animals.Genetics and molecular biologyArticle
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMyosin II (or Myosin Heavy Chain II, MHCII) is a family of molecular motors involved in the contractile activity of animal muscle cells but also in various other cellular processes in non-muscle cells. Previous phylogenetic analyses of bilaterian MHCII genes identified two main clades associated respectively with smooth/non-muscle cells (MHCIIa) and striated muscle cells (MHCIIb). Muscle cells are generally thought to have originated only once in ancient animal history, and decisive insights about their early evolution are expected to come from expression studies of Myosin II genes in the two non-bilaterian phyla that possess muscles, the Cnidaria and Ctenophora.
resultsWe have uncovered three MHCII paralogues in the ctenophore species Pleurobrachia pileus. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that the MHCIIa / MHCIIb duplication is more ancient than the divergence between extant metazoan lineages. The ctenophore MHCIIa gene (PpiMHCIIa) has an expression pattern akin to that of "stem cell markers" (Piwi, Vasa…) and is expressed in proliferating cells. We identified two MHCIIb genes that originated from a ctenophore-specific duplication. PpiMHCIIb1 represents the exclusively muscular form of myosin II in ctenophore, while PpiMHCIIb2 is expressed in non-muscle cells of various types. In parallel, our phalloidin staining and TEM observations highlight the structural complexity of ctenophore musculature and emphasize the experimental interest of the ctenophore tentacle root, in which myogenesis is spatially ordered and strikingly similar to striated muscle formation in vertebrates.
conclusionMHCIIa expression in putative stem cells/proliferating cells probably represents an ancestral trait, while specific involvement of some MHCIIa genes in smooth muscle fibres is a uniquely derived feature of the vertebrates. That one ctenophore MHCIIb paralogue (PpiMHCIIb2) has retained MHCIIa-like expression features furthermore suggests that muscular expression of the other paralogue, PpiMHCIIb1, was the result of neofunctionalisation within the ctenophore lineage, making independent origin of ctenophore muscle cells a likely option.
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