ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2012
Formation of a human β-cell population within pancreatic islets is set early in life.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 228 papers.
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Who cites it
228 citing papers in PubMed, 337 citations in OpenAlex.
- Structural and functional impact of cystic fibrosis on endocrine pancreatic innervation.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2026Article
- Regulation of pancreatic beta-cell mass and its importance for antidiabetic therapies.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Mapping histologic and functional maturation of human endocrine pancreas across early postnatal periods.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Undernutrition-related diabetes in mice is linked to early undernutrition.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Transient ER stress cell-autonomously promotes beta cell cycling in mice.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Review
- RNA-seq at different stages of human pancreatic β cell differentiation reveals proliferation dynamics and SMAD9 in directing β cell fate.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Declining FXR expression coordinates neonatal beta cell mass development with microbial bile acid metabolism maturation in mice.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Using animal models to decipher the role of polyamines in the pancreas and β Cell.Amino acids · 2026Review
- Endocrine-disrupting chemical exposure during differentiation alters the proliferation-maturation balance in stem-cell islets.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2026Article
- Comparative β-cell development: insights from Rodents, humans and induced pluripotent stem cell models.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
- Phenotype of insulin-dependent diabetes in chronic undernutrition: beta cell stress and immune dysfunction-a rural sub-Saharan perspective on type 5 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2025Review
- Small things matter: Lack of extraislet β cells in type 1 diabetes.Science advances · 2025Article
- Hemoglobin glycation index can be used as a predictor of diabetes mellitus and prediabetes: a cohort study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
- Loss of Insulin-Positive Cell Clusters Precedes the Decrease in Islet Frequency and β-Cell Area in Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes · 2025Article
- RSPO1, a potent inducer of pancreatic β cell neogenesis.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- Neonatal fungi promote lifelong metabolic health through macrophage-dependent β cell development.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Article
- Evolving Characteristics of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in East Asia.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2025Review
- SPOCK2 controls the proliferation and function of immature pancreatic β-cells through MMP2.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025Article
168 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextInsulin resistance can be compensated by increased functional pancreatic β-cell mass; otherwise, diabetes ensues. Such compensation depends not only on environmental and genetic factors but also on the baseline β-cell mass from which the expansion originates.
objectiveLittle is known about assembly of a baseline β-cell mass in humans. Here, we examined formation of β-cell populations relative to other pancreatic islet cell types and associated neurons throughout the normal human lifespan. DESIGN AND
methodsHuman pancreatic sections derived from normal cadavers aged 24 wk premature to 72 yr were examined by immunofluorescence. Insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin were used as markers for β-, α-, and δ-cells, respectively. Cytokeratin-19 marked ductal cells, Ki67 cell proliferation, and Tuj1 (neuronal class III β-tubulin) marked neurons.
resultsMost β-cell neogenesis was observed preterm with a burst of β-cell proliferation peaking within the first 2 yr of life. Thereafter, little indication of β-cell growth was observed. Postnatal proliferation of α- and δ-cells was rarely seen, but a wave of ductal cell proliferation was found mostly associated with exocrine cell expansion. The β-cell to α-cell ratio doubled neonatally, reflecting increased growth of β-cells, but during childhood, there was a 7-fold change in the β-cell to δ-cell ratio, reflecting an additional loss of δ-cells. A close association of neurons to pancreatic islets was noted developmentally and retained throughout adulthood. Negligible neuronal association to exocrine pancreas was observed.
conclusionHuman baseline β-cell population and appropriate association with other islet cell types is established before 5 yr of age.
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