ReviewCurrent opinion in psychiatry2012
Osteoporosis and fracture risk in people with schizophrenia.
Review in Current opinion in psychiatry, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comorbid health outcomes in patients with schizophrenia: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- The neglected association between schizophrenia and bone fragility: a systematic review and meta-analyses.Translational psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Lower Bone Mineral Density at the Hip and Lumbar Spine in People with Psychosis Versus Controls: a Comprehensive Review and Skeletal Site-Specific Meta-analysis.Current osteoporosis reports · 2016Pooled it
- Variants in the DRD2 locus and antipsychotic-related prolactin levels: A meta-analysis.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2016Pooled it
- Bone Mineral Density in Schizophrenia: An Update of Current Meta-Analysis and Literature Review Under Guideline of PRISMA.Medicine · 2015Pooled it
- The feasibility of resistance training versus aerobic exercise in a rehabilitation setting for people living with psychotic disorders: A randomised controlled trial.The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Sex Differences Between Female and Male Individuals in Antipsychotic Efficacy and Adverse Effects in the Treatment of Schizophrenia.CNS drugs · 2024Trial
- Prolactin related symptoms during risperidone maintenance treatment: results from a prospective, multicenter study of schizophrenia.BMC psychiatry · 2016Trial
- Bone mineral density, prolactin, estradiol, testosterone levels and related research in male chronic patients with schizophrenia.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Treatment of Comorbid Schizophrenia in an Adolescent with Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A Case Report.Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry · 2026Article
- Gait Disturbance in Patients with Schizophrenia in Relation to Walking Speed, Ankle Joint Range of Motion, Body Composition, and Extrapyramidal Symptoms.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Association Between Antipsychotics and Bone Fragility: An Updated Comprehensive Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Severe mental illness as a risk factor for recorded diagnosis of osteoporosis and fragility fractures in people aged ≥50 years: retrospective cohort study using UK primary care data.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2024Article
- Long-term second-generation antipsychotics decreases bone formation and resorption in male patients with schizophrenia.Psychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Detecting outliers in case-control cohorts for improving deep learning networks on Schizophrenia prediction.Journal of integrative bioinformatics · 2024Article
- Association of schizophrenia with fracture-related femoral neck displacement: A cross-sectional retrospective study.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2024Article
- Physical health monitoring for people with schizophrenia.Australian prescriber · 2023Review
- The causal effect of schizophrenia on fractures and bone mineral density: a comprehensive two-sample Mendelian randomization study of European ancestry.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Interoceptive regulation of skeletal tissue homeostasis and repair.Bone research · 2023Review
- Dance/movement therapy for improving balance ability and bone mineral density in long-term patients with schizophrenia: a randomized controlled trial.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewExcessive bone mineral density (BMD) loss has been associated with schizophrenia, but its mechanisms and clinical implications are less clear. The aim of this review was to summarize the risk of osteoporosis and bone fractures in schizophrenia patients. Moreover, we aimed to examine the impact of antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia on bone metabolism. RECENT
findingsFifteen of 16 studies (93.8%) reported lower BMD or higher prevalence of osteoporosis in at least one region, or in at least one subgroup of schizophrenia patients compared with controls, but results were inconsistent across measured areas. Higher fracture risk was associated with schizophrenia in 2/2 studies (independently: n = 1), and 3/4 studies with antipsychotics. Reasons for this difference include insufficient exercise, poor nutrition, smoking, alcohol use, and low vitamin D levels. Altogether, 9/15 (60.0%) studies examining the relationship between antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia and BMD loss found some effects of hyperprolactinemia. However, results were mixed, samples and effects were small, and only two studies were prospective. SUMMARY: Schizophrenia is associated with reduced BMD and fracture risk. Prevention, early detection, and intervention are required. The relative contributions of antipsychotic-related hyperprolactinemia and unhealthy lifestyle behaviors remain unclear, needing to be assessed in well designed, prospective studies, including bone turnover markers as intermediary endpoints.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.