ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2012
Moderating effects of race in clinical trial participation and outcomes among marijuana-dependent young adults.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness and safety of psychosocial interventions for the treatment of cannabis use disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Pharmacotherapies for cannabis use disorder.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Motivational interviewing for substance use reduction.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Sociodemographic and clinical outcome differences among individuals seeking treatment for cocaine use disorders. The intersection of gender and race.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2019Pooled it
- A scoping review and meta-analysis of psychosocial and pharmacological treatments for cannabis and tobacco use among African Americans.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2017Pooled it
- Psychosocial interventions for cannabis use disorder.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Who responds to a multi-component treatment for cannabis use disorder? Using multivariable and machine learning models to classify treatment responders and non-responders.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2023Trial
- A randomized placebo-controlled trial of N-acetylcysteine for cannabis use disorder in adults.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2017Trial
- A culturally-tailored behavioral intervention trial for alcohol use disorders in three American Indian communities: Rationale, design, and methods.Contemporary clinical trials · 2016Trial
- Initial abstinence status and contingency management treatment outcomes: does race matter?Journal of consulting and clinical psychology · 2015Trial
- Preliminary findings on the association between clients' perceived helpfulness of substance abuse treatment and outcomes: does race matter?Drug and alcohol dependence · 2014Trial
- A comparison of African American and Caucasian stimulant users in 12-step facilitation treatment.Journal of ethnicity in substance abuseTrial
- Rationale, design and methods of theBMJ open · 2026Article
- Predictors of effective therapy among individuals with Cannabis Use Disorder: a review of the literature.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2025Review
- Review
- The impact of self-help groups on successful substance use treatment completion for opioid use: An intersectional analysis of race/ethnicity and sex.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2022Article
- Trends and correlates of cocaine use and cocaine use disorder in the United States from 2011 to 2015.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2017Article
- A contingency management method for 30-days abstinence in non-treatment seeking young adult cannabis users.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2016Article
- Incentivizing health care behaviors in emerging adults: a systematic review.Patient preference and adherence · 2016Article
- Cannabis problem experiences among users of the tobacco-cannabis combination known as blunts.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFew studies have examined clinical trial participation rates and treatment outcomes among underserved young adults who are dependent on marijuana, the most commonly abused illicit drug.
methodThe present study was a secondary analysis of a trial of court-referred marijuana-dependent young adults (ages 18-25) randomized to one of four treatment conditions: Motivational Enhancement Therapy/Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (MET/CBT), MET/CBT+Contingency Management (CM), Drug Counseling (DC) or DC+CM. African American (N=81) participants were compared to White (N=31) participants with respect to rates of participation in phases of treatment and substance use outcomes. In addition, the interaction of race and treatment condition was examined to ascertain if the interventions yielded different effects based on race.
resultsAmong those who started treatment, African American young adults were significantly less likely to complete the treatment and posttreatment phases of the clinical trial than their White counterparts. Irrespective of treatment type, substance use outcomes (i.e., percentage of marijuana-negative specimens and longest duration of continuous abstinence) did not vary by race. However, there was a significant interaction effect between treatment type and race; African American young adults did not benefit differentially from any specific type of treatment, but CM was effective in reducing proportion of marijuana positive samples among White young adults.
conclusionsFindings suggest that clinical trial treatment and posttreatment completion rates vary by race in this population, as does response to specific treatment types. More treatment research focusing specifically on African American marijuana-dependent young adults is warranted.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.