ArticleMucosal immunology2013
IL-22 from conventional NK cells is epithelial regenerative and inflammation protective during influenza infection.
Article in Mucosal immunology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 122 papers.
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Who cites it
122 citing papers in PubMed, 173 citations in OpenAlex.
- SARS-CoV-2-induced IgG repertoires shape T cell responses, microRNA regulation, and autoreactivity according to disease severity.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Article
- Natural killer cells against viral infection: from basic biology to immunotherapy.Precision clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Cell-free secretome of CD56Theranostics · 2026Article
- Lung cell fates during influenza.Cell research · 2025Review
- FLASH Irradiation Modulates Immune Responses and Accelerates Lung Recovery: A Single-Cell Perspective.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Newcastle disease virus promotes spreading infection through vimentin-dependent tight junction injury mediated by MLC/p-MLC activation.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Gut commensal Phascolarctobacterium faecium retunes innate immunity to mitigate obesity and metabolic disease in mice.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
- I don't know about you, but I'm feeling IL-22.Cytokine & growth factor reviews · 2024Review
- Role of HIF-1α-Activated IL-22/IL-22R1/Bmi1 Signaling Modulates the Self-Renewal of Cardiac Stem Cells in Acute Myocardial Ischemia.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Natural killer cells in the lung: potential role in asthma and virus-induced exacerbation?European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2023Review
- OMIP-086: Full spectrum flow cytometry for high-dimensional immunophenotyping of mouse innate lymphoid cells.Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology · 2023Article
- Current Knowledge of Th22 Cell and IL-22 Functions in Infectious Diseases.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Galectin-9 promotes natural killer cells activityFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Human placental hematopoietic stem cell derived natural killer cells (CYNK-001) mediate protection against influenza a viral infection.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Article
- Contribution of Innate Lymphoid Cells in Supplementing Cytokines Produced by CD4AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2022Article
- Pannexin 1 drives efficient epithelial repair after tissue injury.Science immunology · 2022Article
- The role of interleukin-22 in lung health and its therapeutic potential for COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Recruited and Tissue-Resident Natural Killer Cells in the Lung During Infection and Cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- IL-20 Cytokines Are Involved in Epithelial Lesions Associated with Virus-Induced COPD Exacerbation in Mice.Biomedicines · 2021Article
62 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Influenza infection primarily targets the upper respiratory system, leading to a severe destruction of the epithelial cell layer. The role of immune cells in the regeneration of tracheal and bronchial epithelial cells is not well defined. Here, we investigated the production of pro-constructive cytokine, Interleukin-22 (IL-22), in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), trachea, lung tissue, and spleen during influenza infection. We found that conventional natural killer (NK) cells (NCR1(+)NK1.1(+)CD127(-)RORγt(-)) were the predominant IL-22-producers in the BAL, trachea, and lung tissues. Tracheal epithelial cells constitutively expressed high levels of IL-22R and underwent active proliferation in response to IL-22 in the wild-type mice. Infection of IL-22(-/-) mice with influenza virus resulted in a severe impairment in the regeneration of tracheal epithelial cells. In addition, IL-22(-/-) mice continued to lose body weight even after 10 days post infection without any recovery. Tracheal epithelial cell proliferation was significantly reduced in IL-22(-/-) mice during influenza infection. Adoptive transfer of IL-22-sufficient but not IL-22-deficient NK cells into IL-22(-/-) mice restored the tracheal/bronchial epithelial cell regeneration and conferred protection against inflammation. Our findings strongly suggest that conventional NK cells have evolved to both kill virus-infected cells and also to provide vital cytokines for tissue regeneration.
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