ArticlePLoS pathogens2012
A highly intensified ART regimen induces long-term viral suppression and restriction of the viral reservoir in a simian AIDS model.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunogenicity of personalized dendritic-cell therapy in HIV-1 infected individuals under suppressive antiretroviral treatment: interim analysis from a phase II clinical trial.AIDS research and therapy · 2022Trial
- Heterogeneous Antiretroviral Drug Exposure in Male and Female Genital Tract Tissues.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Parsing Dynamics of Protein Backbone NH and Side-Chain Methyl Groups using Molecular Dynamics Simulations.Journal of chemical theory and computation · 2024Article
- Identification of a circulating long non-coding RNA signature panel in plasma as a novel biomarker for the detection of acute/early-stage HIV-1 infection.Biomarker research · 2024Article
- Biphasic decay of intact SHIV genomes following initiation of antiretroviral therapy complicates analysis of interventions targeting the reservoir.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin Treatment Induces Modest Immune Activation in Healthy Rhesus Macaques.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- Altered Response Pattern following AZD5582 Treatment of SIV-Infected, ART-Suppressed Rhesus Macaque Infants.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Antiretroviral drug exposure in lymph nodes is heterogeneous and drug dependent.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2022Article
- So Pathogenic or So What?-A Brief Overview of SIV Pathogenesis with an Emphasis on Cure Research.Viruses · 2022Review
- HIV Reservoirs: Modeling, Quantification, and Approaches to a Cure.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Advances in SIV/SHIV Non-Human Primate Models of NeuroAIDS.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Review
- Quantitative Imaging Analysis of the Spatial Relationship between Antiretrovirals, Reverse Transcriptase Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus RNA, and Collagen in the Mesenteric Lymph Nodes of Nonhuman Primates.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2021Article
- Pharmacokinetic Basis of the Hydroxychloroquine Response in COVID-19: Implications for Therapy and Prevention.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2020Article
- μ-Lat: A mouse model to evaluate human immunodeficiency virus eradication strategies.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2020Article
- Therapeutic vaccination of SIV-infected, ART-treated infant rhesus macaques using Ad48/MVA in combination with TLR-7 stimulation.PLoS pathogens · 2020Article
- Antiretroviral Penetration and Drug Transporter Concentrations in the Spleens of Three Preclinical Animal Models and Humans.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2020Article
- NHC-gold compounds mediate immune suppression through induction of AHR-TGFβ1 signalling in vitro and in scurfy mice.Communications biology · 2020Article
- Antiretroviral Penetration across Three Preclinical Animal Models and Humans in Eight Putative HIV Viral Reservoirs.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2019Article
- Antiretroviral concentrations and surrogate measures of efficacy in the brain tissue and CSF of preclinical species.Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Stably suppressed viremia during ART is essential for establishing reliable simian models for HIV/AIDS. We tested the efficacy of a multidrug ART (highly intensified ART) in a wide range of viremic conditions (10³-10⁷) viral RNA copies/mL) in SIVmac251-infected rhesus macaques, and its impact on the viral reservoir. Eleven macaques in the pre-AIDS stage of the disease were treated with a multidrug combination (highly intensified ART) consisting of two nucleosidic/nucleotidic reverse transcriptase inhibitors (emtricitabine and tenofovir), an integrase inhibitor (raltegravir), a protease inhibitor (ritonavir-boosted darunavir) and the CCR5 blocker maraviroc. All animals stably displayed viral loads below the limit of detection of the assay (i.e. <40 RNA copies/mL) after starting highly intensified ART. By increasing the sensitivity of the assay to 3 RNA copies/mL, viral load was still below the limit of detection in all subjects tested. Importantly, viral DNA resulted below the assay detection limit (<2 copies of DNA/5*10⁵ cells) in PBMCs and rectal biopsies of all animals at the end of the follow-up, and in lymph node biopsies from the majority of the study subjects. Moreover, highly intensified ART decreased central/transitional memory, effector memory and activated (HLA-DR⁺) effector memory CD4⁺ T-cells in vivo, in line with the role of these subsets as the main cell subpopulations harbouring the virus. Finally, treatment with highly intensified ART at viral load rebound following suspension of a previous anti-reservoir therapy eventually improved the spontaneous containment of viral load following suspension of the second therapeutic cycle, thus leading to a persistent suppression of viremia in the absence of ART. In conclusion, we show, for the first time, complete suppression of viral load by highly intensified ART and a likely associated restriction of the viral reservoir in the macaque AIDS model, making it a useful platform for testing potential cures for AIDS.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.