ArticleBMJ open2012
Socioeconomic position and the risk of spontaneous abortion: a study within the Danish National Birth Cohort.
Article in BMJ open, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Social patterns of miscarriage reporting and risk: insights from survey data in France.European journal of public health · 2025Article
- Poverty and Social Disadvantage in Women and Men and Fertility Outcomes.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study assessing maternal and perinatal outcomes.The Journal of international medical research · 2025Article
- Pregnancy loss and risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity in Chinese women: the China Kadoorie Biobank study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Factors associated with miscarriage in Nepal: Evidence from Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys, 2001-2016.PloS one · 2024Article
- Socioeconomic Factors and Abortive Outcomes of Clinical Pregnancy After Embryo Transfer in the Setting of Universal Health Insurance Coverage of IVF.Journal of Korean medical science · 2023Article
- Pregnancy Loss and Risk of All-Cause Mortality in Chinese Women: Findings From the China Kadoorie Biobank.International journal of public health · 2023Article
- Non-Motherhood between Obligation and Choice: Statistical Analysis Based on Permutation Tests of Spontaneous and Induced Abortion Rates in the Italian Context.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Aerobic Bacterial Vaginosis andArchives of Razi Institute · 2022Article
- Article
- Pregnancy loss and Income in the Republic of Korea using National Health Insurance Service Data, 2008-2014.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Occupational factors and miscarriages in the US fire service: a cross-sectional analysis of women firefighters.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2021Article
- Socio-Economic Differences in the Prevalence of Single Motherhood in North America and Europe.European journal of population = Revue europeenne de demographie · 2021Article
- Prevalence and clinical, social, and health care predictors of miscarriage.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2021Article
- Exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances in early pregnancy and risk of sporadic first trimester miscarriage.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Observational
- Maternal Plasma Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Miscarriage: A Nested Case-Control Study in the Danish National Birth Cohort.Environmental health perspectives · 2020Article
- Pregnancy, pregnancy loss and the risk of diabetes in Chinese women: findings from the China Kadoorie Biobank.European journal of epidemiology · 2020Article
- Educational Attainment and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Danish Register-Based Study of the Influence of Childhood Social Disadvantage on Later Socioeconomic Disparities in Induced Abortion, Spontaneous Abortion, Stillbirth and Preterm Delivery.Maternal and child health journal · 2019Article
- Factors associated with spontaneous abortion: a cross-sectional study of Chinese populations.Reproductive health · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo investigate the relationship between different indicators of socioeconomic position and the risk of spontaneous abortion.
designCohort study.
setting1996-2002, Denmark.
participantsAll first time participants, a total of 89 829 pregnant women, enrolled in the Danish National Birth Cohort were included in the present study. Overall, 4062 pregnancies ended in spontaneous abortion. Information on education, income and labour market attachment in the year before pregnancy was drawn from national registers.
main outcome measureSpontaneous abortion, that is, fetal death within the first 22 weeks of pregnancy, was the outcome of interest. The authors estimated HRs of spontaneous abortion using Cox regression analysis with gestational age as the underlying time scale.
resultsWomen with <10 years of education had an elevated risk of spontaneous abortion when compared with women with >12 years of education (HR 1.19 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.34)). The HR estimates for the four lowest income quintiles were all increased (HRs between 1.09 and 1.15) as compared with the upper quintile but did not differ considerably from each other. In general, no statistically significant association was found between labour market attachment and the risk of spontaneous abortion; however, the group of women on disability pension had an increased HR of spontaneous abortion when compared with women who were employed (HR 1.32 (95% CI 0.82 to 2.13)).
conclusionsEducational level and income were inversely associated with the risk of spontaneous abortion. As these factors most likely are non-causally related to spontaneous abortion, the findings indicate that factors related to social position, probably of the environmental and behavioural type, may affect spontaneous abortion risk. The study highlights the need for studies addressing such exposures in order to prevent spontaneous abortions.
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