ReviewNature reviews. Cardiology2012
Heartache and heartbreak--the link between depression and cardiovascular disease.
Review in Nature reviews. Cardiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 155 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
155 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 420 citations in OpenAlex.
- Functional brain alterations in anxious depression: Insights from whole-brain fMRI and meta-analysis.Dialogues in clinical neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Depression and cardiovascular disease: mind the gap in the guidelines.European heart journal · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The impact of exercise on mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Retinal vascular imaging in early life: insights into processes and risk of cardiovascular disease.The Journal of physiology · 2016Pooled it
- Depression Symptom Severity and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Healthy and Depressed Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2016Pooled it
- Computerized Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Anxiety and Depression in Rural Areas: A Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2015Pooled it
- Steroid hormone secretion after stimulation of mineralocorticoid and NMDA receptors and cardiovascular risk in patients with depression.Translational psychiatry · 2020Trial
- Depression, daily stressors and inflammatory responses to high-fat meals: when stress overrides healthier food choices.Molecular psychiatry · 2017Trial
- Daily stressors, past depression, and metabolic responses to high-fat meals: a novel path to obesity.Biological psychiatry · 2015Trial
- Assessment of non-BDNF neurotrophins and GDNF levels after depression treatment with sertraline and transcranial direct current stimulation in a factorial, randomized, sham-controlled trial (SELECT-TDCS): an exploratory analysis.Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2015Trial
- Cytokines plasma levels during antidepressant treatment with sertraline and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS): results from a factorial, randomized, controlled trial.Psychopharmacology · 2014Trial
- Device-related events do not alter long-term psychological distress after implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation: A 24-month prospective cohort study.Heart rhythm O2 · 2026Article
- Stress and HPA axis dysfunction impact diverse epilepsy outcomes including psychiatric comorbidities and SUDEP.Epilepsy research · 2026Review
- Independent and joint associations of social participation and depressive symptoms with incident stroke risk in older adults: a prospective cohort study based on CHARLS and ELSA.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Genetic perspectives on the comorbidity of anxiety and mood disorders with cardiovascular disease.Nature cardiovascular research · 2026Review
- Unraveling the genetic interplay and therapeutic potentials between major depressive disorder and metabolic syndrome: multi-ancestry and multi-trait genome-wide association analyses.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Multi-organ network of cardiometabolic disease-depression multimorbidity revealed by phenotypic and genetic analyses of MR images.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Mindfulness-based stress reduction for patients with coronary heart disease and bipolar disorder: An 8-week comparative study.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2026Article
- Partner military deployment during wartime is associated with maternal depression and impaired maternal-infant attachment: a matched-control study from the Israel-Hamas war.Archives of women's mental health · 2025Article
95 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The close, bidirectional relationship between depression and cardiovascular disease is well established. Major depression is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease and acute cardiovascular sequelae, such as myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and isolated systolic hypertension. Morbidity and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease and depression are significantly higher than in patients with cardiovascular disease who are not depressed. Various pathophysiological mechanisms might underlie the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with depression: increased inflammation; increased susceptibility to blood clotting (owing to alterations in multiple steps of the clotting cascade, including platelet activation and aggregation); oxidative stress; subclinical hypothyroidism; hyperactivity of the sympatho-adrenomedullary system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; reductions in numbers of circulating endothelial progenitor cells and associated arterial repair processes; decreased heart rate variability; and the presence of genetic factors. Early identification of patients with depression who are at risk of cardiovascular disease, as well as prevention and appropriate treatment of cardiovascular disease in these patients, is an important and attainable goal. However, adequately powered studies are required to determine the optimal treatment regimen for patients with both depression and cardiovascular disorders.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.