ReviewHormones and behavior2013
Progesterone and neuroprotection.
Review in Hormones and behavior, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 91 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
91 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 185 citations in OpenAlex.
- Progesterone for acute traumatic brain injury.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Baseline Variables Associated with Functional Decline in 2CARE, A Randomized Clinical Trial in Huntington's Disease.Journal of Huntington's disease · 2020Trial
- Distinct cognitive effects of estrogen and progesterone in menopausal women.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2015Trial
- Sex-dependent Hippocampal Astrocytic Signaling and Synaptic Alterations Associated With Behavioral Impairments in Intracerebroventricular Streptozotocin-treated Rats.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Not just neurons: glial mechanisms driving sex-specific vulnerability to withdrawal and relapse in substance use disorder.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2026Review
- Systems biology of Alzheimer's Disease: a scoping review of key pathways and mechanisms.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic studies on the product stress response revealed that YCF1 is a beneficial factor for progesterone production inSynthetic and systems biotechnology · 2025Article
- Effects of progestogen neurosteroids on locomotor activity in zebrafish embryos and larvae.Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2025Article
- Leveraging research into sex differences and steroid hormones to improve brain health.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Blood transcriptomic signatures associated with depression, or the risk for depression, in pregnant women from the Psychiatry Research And Motherhood - Depression (PRAM-D) study.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Macular, choroidal and disc associations across women's reproductive life stages: a scoping review from menarche to post-menopause.Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
- Data Mining Approach to Melatonin Treatment in Alzheimer's Disease: New Gene TargetsInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Association between finasteride with subjective memory deficits: a study from the NHANES and FAERS databases.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Lactobacillus Helveticus Improves Controlled Cortical Impact Injury-Generated Neurological Aberrations by Remodeling of Gut-Brain Axis Mediators.Neurochemical research · 2024Article
- Investigating the Impact of Intracerebroventricular Streptozotocin on Female Rats with and without Ovaries: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease.Neurochemical research · 2024Article
- Vocal and tongue exercise in early to mid-stage Parkinson disease using the Pink1-/- rat.Brain research · 2024Article
- Role of Oxidative Stress in the Occurrence and Development of Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- CYP2C8 rs11572080 and CYP3A4 rs2740574 risk genotypes in paclitaxel-treated premenopausal breast cancer patients.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Progesterone improved the behavior of PC12 cells under OGD/R by reducing FABP5 expression and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes · 2024Article
- Animal Approaches to Studying Risk Factors for Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review.Brain sciences · 2024Review
31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Numerous studies aimed at identifying the role of estrogen on the brain have used the ovariectomized rodent as the experimental model. And while estrogen intervention in these animals has, at least partially, restored cholinergic, neurotrophin and cognitive deficits seen in the ovariectomized animal, it is worth considering that the removal of the ovaries results in the loss of not only circulating estrogen but of circulating progesterone as well. As such, the various deficits associated with ovariectomy may be attributed to the loss of progesterone as well. Similarly, one must also consider the fact that the human menopause results in the precipitous decline of not just circulating estrogens, but in circulating progesterone as well and as such, the increased risk for diseases such as Alzheimer's disease during the postmenopausal period could also be contributed by this loss of progesterone. In fact, progesterone has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects, both in cell models, animal models and in humans. Here, we review the evidence that supports the neuroprotective effects of progesterone and discuss the various mechanisms that are thought to mediate these protective effects. We also discuss the receptor pharmacology of progesterone's neuroprotective effects and present a conceptual model of progesterone action that supports the complementary effects of membrane-associated and classical intracellular progesterone receptors. In addition, we discuss fundamental differences in the neurobiology of progesterone and the clinically used, synthetic progestin, medroxyprogesterone acetate that may offer an explanation for the negative findings of the combined estrogen/progestin arm of the Women's Health Initiative-Memory Study (WHIMS) and suggest that the type of progestin used may dictate the outcome of either pre-clinical or clinical studies that addresses brain function.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.