ReviewLife sciences2013
Sex differences in cannabinoid pharmacology: a reflection of differences in the endocannabinoid system?
Review in Life sciences, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 178 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
178 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 282 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effects of Cannabinoids on Ischemic Stroke-Associated Neuroinflammation: A Systematic Review.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Peripheral endocannabinoids in major depressive disorder and alcohol use disorder: a systematic review.BMC psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of sex differences in cannabis use disorder amongst people with comorbid mental illness.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2021Pooled it
- A systematic review of neuroimaging and acute cannabis exposure in age-of-risk for psychosis.Translational psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Effects of cannabinoid administration for pain: A meta-analysis and meta-regression.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2019Pooled it
- Exploring sex differences in endocannabinoid system biomarkers and their relationship with antidepressant treatment outcomes in major depressive disorder: a CAN-BIND 1 secondary analysis.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Trial
- Feasibility, Safety and Preliminary Efficacy of 1:1 THC:CBD Cannabis Oil for Fibromyalgia Symptoms: Results From a Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial.Pain research & management · 2026Trial
- Impaired inhibition after delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in women not related to circulating estradiol levels.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2023Trial
- Endocannabinoid Modulation Using Monoacylglycerol Lipase Inhibition in Tourette Syndrome: A Phase 1 Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study.Pharmacopsychiatry · 2022Trial
- Sex-dependent effects of cannabis-induced analgesia.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2016Trial
- Pain Severity Trajectories and Patient Profiles in Chronic Pain Patients Treated with Cannabis-Based Medicinal Products: A k-Means Clustering Analysis of the UK Medical Cannabis Registry.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- The beneficial properties of CBDA in diet-induced neuroinflammation.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Article
- Associations of endocannabinoid serum concentrations with behavioral impulsivity and substance use in late childhood to early adolescence.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Article
- Cannabidiol in the anterior insular cortex attenuates chronic neuropathic pain and comorbid anxiety- and depression-like behaviors: involvement of CBPsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Sex-Specific Epigenetic Patterns in Endocannabinoid System Genes Following High-Altitude Exposure: An Exploratory Study.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- A Minimally Invasive LC-MS/MS Approach for Assessing Endocannabinoids in Saliva and Capillary Blood Microsamples.Biosensors · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Metabolite-Immune Circuits of Neuroinflammation.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Age and Gender Heterogeneity in Adverse Drug Reactions Associated with Hemp Use: Evidence from the FDA Pharmacovigilance Data in the Last Two Decades.Drugs - real world outcomes · 2026Article
- Endocannabinoid Modulation in Headache: Mechanisms, Models, and Translational Therapies.Cells · 2026Review
- Cannabis use measurement: Identifying the optimal metric for broad research applications.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Observational
118 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Marijuana is the most widely used illicit drug in the U.S., and marijuana use by women is on the rise. Women have been found to be more susceptible to the development of cannabinoid abuse and dependence, have more severe withdrawal symptoms, and are more likely to relapse than men. The majority of research in humans suggests that women are more likely to be affected by cannabinoids than men, with reports of enhanced and decreased performance on various tasks. In rodents, females are more sensitive than males to effects of cannabinoids on tests of antinociception, motor activity, and reinforcing efficacy. Studies on effects of cannabinoid exposure during adolescence in both humans and rodents suggest that female adolescents are more likely than male adolescents to be deleteriously affected by cannabinoids. Sex differences in response to cannabinoids appear to be due to activational and perhaps organizational effects of gonadal hormones, with estradiol identified as the hormone that contributes most to the sexually dimorphic effects of cannabinoids in adults. Many, but not all sexually dimorphic effects of exogenous cannabinoids can be attributed to a sexually dimorphic endocannabinoid system in rodents, although the same has not yet been established firmly for humans. A greater understanding of the mechanisms underlying sexually dimorphic effects of cannabinoids will facilitate development of sex-specific approaches to treat marijuana dependence and to use cannabinoid-based medications therapeutically.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.