ArticleCryobiology2012
Effect of common cryoprotectants on critical warming rates and ice formation in aqueous solutions.
Article in Cryobiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Open versus closed vitrification system of human oocytes and embryos: a systematic review and meta-analysis of embryologic and clinical outcomes.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2018Pooled it
- Ice-free vitrification of embryos and its impact on post-warming outcomes.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Cryopreservation of biological materials: applications and economic perspectives.In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal · 2026Review
- Cryopreservation of Anopheles gambiae Larvae.Advanced biology · 2026Article
- Thermodynamic Principles of Emerging Cryopreservation Technologies.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Review
- Automated device for rapid sample cooling via controlled submersion.Cryobiology · 2025Article
- Ice formation and its elimination in cryopreservation of oocytes.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Hypothermic and cryogenic preservation of cardiac tissue-engineered constructs.Biomaterials science · 2024Article
- Parallelized Droplet Vitrification Enables Single-Run Vitrification of the Whole Rat Liver Hepatocyte Yield.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Ice formation and its elimination in cryopreservation of oocytes.Research square · 2024Article
- Extended Temperature Range of the Ice-Binding Protein Activity.Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids · 2024Article
- [Droplet freeze-thawing system based on solid surface vitrification and laser rewarming].Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2023Article
- Polarized Neutrons Observed Nanometer-Thick Crystalline Ice Plates in Frozen Glucose Solution.The journal of physical chemistry letters · 2023Article
- The Beneficial Effects of Static Magnetic Field and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on the Vitrification of Mature Mice Oocytes.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2023Article
- Scalable cryopreservation of infectious Cryptosporidium hominis oocysts by vitrification.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Article
- Magnetic Nanoparticle-Mediated Heating for Biomedical Applications.Journal of heat transfer · 2022Article
- Ultra-Rapid Laser Calorimetry for the Assessment of Crystallization in Low-Concentration Cryoprotectants.Journal of heat transfer · 2022Article
- Winter is coming: the future of cryopreservation.BMC biology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Ice formation on warming is of comparable or greater importance to ice formation on cooling in determining survival of cryopreserved samples. Critical warming rates required for ice-free warming of vitrified aqueous solutions of glycerol, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol 200 and sucrose have been measured for warming rates of order 10-10⁴ K/s. Critical warming rates are typically one to three orders of magnitude larger than critical cooling rates. Warming rates vary strongly with cooling rates, perhaps due to the presence of small ice fractions in nominally vitrified samples. Critical warming and cooling rate data spanning orders of magnitude in rates provide rigorous tests of ice nucleation and growth models and their assumed input parameters. Current models with current best estimates for input parameters provide a reasonable account of critical warming rates for glycerol solutions at high concentrations/low rates, but overestimate both critical warming and cooling rates by orders of magnitude at lower concentrations and larger rates. In vitrification protocols, minimizing concentrations of potentially damaging cryoprotectants while minimizing ice formation will require ultrafast warming rates, as well as fast cooling rates to minimize the required warming rates.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.