ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2012
Exosomes isolated from mycobacteria-infected mice or cultured macrophages can recruit and activate immune cells in vitro and in vivo.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 114 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
114 citing papers in PubMed, 188 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of Exosomes During Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection: A Double-Edged Sword.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Comparative Proteomics Analysis of Serum Exosomes Reveals Distinct Infection Profiles and Potential Biomarkers for Pediatric Tuberculosis.Indian pediatrics · 2026Article
- Article
- Macrophage Response to Avirulent and Virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Anti-TB Effects of Exosome Treatment.Genomics, proteomics & bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Macrophage-derived exosomes in autoimmune diseases: mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications.Immunologic research · 2025Review
- Exosomal cytokine profile on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice.Journal of molecular histology · 2025Article
- Plasma exosomal miR-122-5p_R-1, miR-23b-3p_R + 1, and miR-15a-5p_R-1 are associated with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Recent advances in engineered exosome-based therapies for ocular vascular disease.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Porphyromonas gingivalis infection of oral keratinocytes drives the release of pro-inflammatory extracellular vesicles.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Yersinia pestis Actively Inhibits the Production of Extracellular Vesicles by Human Neutrophils.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2025Article
- Exploring a Rare Association: Systematic Review of Hypercalcemia in Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Extracellular vesicles shed by macrophages co-cultured withBioscience of microbiota, food and health · 2025Article
- Extracellular Vesicles and Immunity: At the Crossroads of Cell Communication.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Current landscape of exosomes in tuberculosis development, diagnosis, and treatment applications.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Significance of extracellular vesicles in orchestration of immune responses inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- Engineering Exosomes for Therapeutic Applications: Decoding Biogenesis, Content Modification, and Cargo Loading Strategies.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Review
- Individualized lipid profile in urine-derived extracellular vesicles from clinical patients withFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Exploring extracellular vesicles in zoonotic helminth biology: implications for diagnosis, therapeutic and delivery.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- Extracellular Vesicles and Infection: From Hijacked Machinery to Therapeutic Tools.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Extracellular Vesicles Released from Macrophages Infected withInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
54 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
More than 2 billion people are infected with Mycobacterium. tuberculosis; however, only 5-10% of those infected will develop active disease. Recent data suggest that containment is controlled locally at the level of the granuloma and that granuloma architecture may differ even within a single infected individual. Formation of a granuloma likely requires exposure to mycobacterial components released from infected macrophages, but the mechanism of their release is still unclear. We hypothesize that exosomes, which are small membrane vesicles containing mycobacterial components released from infected macrophages, could promote cellular recruitment during granuloma formation. In support of this hypothesis, we found that C57BL/6 mouse-derived bone marrow macrophages treated with exosomes released from M. tuberculosis-infected RAW264.7 cells secrete significant levels of chemokines and can induce migration of CFSE-labeled macrophages and splenocytes. Exosomes isolated from the serum of M. bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin-infected mice could also stimulate macrophage production of chemokines and cytokines ex vivo, but the level and type differed during the course of a 60-d infection. Of interest, the exosome concentration in serum correlated strongly with mouse bacterial load, suggesting some role in immune regulation. Finally, hollow fiber-based experiments indicated that macrophages treated with exosomes released from M. tuberculosis-infected cells could promote macrophage recruitment in vivo. Exosomes injected intranasally could also recruit CD11b(+) cells into the lung. Overall, our study suggests that exosomes may play an important role in recruiting and regulating host cells during an M. tuberculosis infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.