ArticleClinical medicine & research2012
Comparison of nasal and nasopharyngeal swabs for influenza detection in adults.
Article in Clinical medicine & research, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Underascertainment of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Adults Due to Diagnostic Testing Limitations: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-analysis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Comparison of detection rate of 16 sampling methods for respiratory viruses: a Bayesian network meta-analysis of clinical data and systematic review.BMJ global health · 2020Pooled it
- Comparison of Respiratory Specimen Collection Methods for Detection of Influenza Virus Infection by Reverse Transcription-PCR: a Literature Review.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2019Pooled it
- A novel anterior nasal swab to detect respiratory viruses: a prospective study of diagnostic accuracy.BMC pediatrics · 2023Trial
- Impact of multiplex respiratory virus testing on antimicrobial consumption in adults in acute care: a randomized clinical trial.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2020Trial
- Validity of complete blood count in detecting influenza among clinically suspected children in Sri Lanka: a retrospective study from low resource setting country.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Factors Affecting Procedural Pain and Discomfort Experienced by Individuals During Nasopharyngeal Swabbing: A Cross-Sectional Study.Florence Nightingale journal of nursing · 2024Article
- Review
- At-home testing for respiratory viruses: a minireview of the current landscape.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2024Review
- Comparing variability in diagnosis of upper respiratory tract infections in patients using syndromic, next generation sequencing, and PCR-based methods.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Accessioning and automation compatible anterior nares swab design.Journal of virological methods · 2021Article
- Analytical Performance of COVID-19 Detection Methods (RT-PCR): Scientific and Societal Concerns.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Incorporating Real-time Influenza Detection Into the Test-negative Design for Estimating Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness: The Real-time Test-negative Design (rtTND).Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Nucleic Acid-Based Sensing Techniques for Diagnostics and Surveillance of Influenza.Biosensors · 2021Review
- Role of Chest Computed Tomography versus Real Time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction for Diagnosis of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Interdisciplinary perspectives on infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Molecular Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2: Assessing and Interpreting Nucleic Acid and Antigen Tests.Pathogens & immunity · 2021Article
- Review of analytical performance of COVID-19 detection methods.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2021Review
- 3D printing of nasopharyngeal swabs for COVID-19 diagnose: Past and current trends.Materials today. Proceedings · 2021Article
- Detection of influenza virus in rectal swabs of patients admitted in hospital for febrile illnesses in Thailand.SAGE open medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveExamine differences in the detection of influenza by specimen and test type using paired nasal and nasopharyngeal swabs.
designProspective study
settingEnrollment took place between January and March 2007 in a central Wisconsin population.
participantsAdult patients were screened and enrolled by trained research coordinators following medical encounters for acute respiratory illnesses of <10 days duration.
methodsPaired nasal and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from consenting patients and tested by both real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) and viral culture. A composite measure of positivity was used as the gold standard; cases included any positive result by rRT-PCR or viral culture from either specimen type.
resultsPaired samples were collected from 240 adults; 33 (14%) individuals tested positive for influenza by rRT-PCR. Using rRT-PCR, the sensitivity of the nasal swab was 89% (95% CI, 78%-99%) and the sensitivity of the nasopharyngeal swab was 94% (95% CI, 87%-100%), compared to a composite gold standard.
conclusionTest sensitivity did not vary significantly by swab type when using a highly sensitive molecular diagnostic test, but power was limited to detect modest differences.
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