Trial reportPloS one2012
Changes in bone turnover and bone loss in HIV-infected patients changing treatment to tenofovir-emtricitabine or abacavir-lamivudine.
Trial report in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 118 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of tenofovir alafenamide versus tenofovir disoproxil in chronic hepatitis b: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- People with HIV infection had lower bone mineral density and increased fracture risk: a meta-analysis.Archives of osteoporosis · 2021Pooled it
- Objective impairments of gait and balance in adults living with HIV-1 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2017Pooled it
- Zidovudine/Lamivudine vs. Abacavir/Lamivudine vs. Tenofovir/Emtricitabine in fixed-dose combinations as initial treatment for HIV patients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Colombia medica (Cali, Colombia) · 2017Pooled it
- Bone loss in hepatitis B virus-infected patients can be associated with greater osteoclastic activity independently of the retroviral use.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Vitamin D and Calcium Supplement Attenuate Bone Loss among HIVInfected Patients Receiving Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine/ Efavirenz: An Open-Label, Randomized Controlled Trial.Current HIV research · 2020Trial
- Antiviral Activity, Safety, and Exposure-Response Relationships of GSK3532795, a Second-Generation Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Maturation Inhibitor, Administered as Monotherapy or in Combination With Atazanavir With or Without Ritonavir in a Phase 2a Randomized, Dose-Ranging, Controlled Trial (AI468002).Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2017Trial
- Associations between vitamin D metabolites, antiretroviral therapy and bone mineral density in people with HIV.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Greater change in bone turnover markers for efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate versus dolutegravir + abacavir/lamivudine in antiretroviral therapy-naive adults over 144 weeks.AIDS (London, England) · 2015Trial
- Increased bone resorption during tenofovir plus lopinavir/ritonavir therapy in Chinese individuals with HIV.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2015Trial
- Trial
- Hip structural parameters over 96 weeks in HIV-infected adults switching treatment to tenofovir-emtricitabine or abacavir-lamivudine.PloS one · 2014Trial
- Trial
- Bone mineral density in HIV participants randomized to raltegravir and lopinavir/ritonavir compared with standard second line therapy.AIDS (London, England) · 2013Trial
- Weight and lean body mass change with antiretroviral initiation and impact on bone mineral density.AIDS (London, England) · 2013Trial
- Low body weight in females is a risk factor for increased tenofovir exposure and drug-related adverse events.PloS one · 2013Trial
- Longitudinal changes in bone mineral density among children living with HIV over 96 weeks following switch to second-line antiretroviral therapy in Uganda.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Bone Mineral Density and Related Factors in Romanian HIV-Positive Patients Undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Impact of different antiretroviral therapy regimens on bone mineral density in people living with HIV: a retrospective and longitudinal study in China.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThose receiving tenofovir/emtricitabine (TDF-FTC) had greater bone loss compared with abacavir/lamivudine (ABC-3TC) in a randomized simplification trial (STEAL study). Previous studies associated increased bone turnover and bone loss with initiation of antiretroviral treatment, however it is unclear whether change in bone mineral density (BMD) was a result of specific drugs, from immune reconstitution or from suppression of HIV replication. This analysis determined predictors of BMD change in the hip and spine by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in virologically suppressed participants through week 96. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsBone turnover markers (BTMS) tested were: formation [bone alkaline phosphatase, procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP)]; resorption (C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type 1 collagen [CTx]); and bone cytokine-signalling (osteoprotegerin, RANK ligand). Independent predictors of BMD change were determined using forward, stepwise, linear regression. BTM changes and fracture risk (FRAX®) at week 96 were compared by t-test. Baseline characteristics (n = 301) were: 98% male, mean age 45 years, current protease-inhibitor (PI) 23%, tenofovir/abacavir-naïve 52%. Independent baseline predictors of greater hip and spine bone loss were TDF-FTC randomisation (p ≤ 0.013), lower fat mass (p-trend ≤ 0.009), lower P1NP (p = 0.015), and higher hip T score/spine BMD (p-trend ≤ 0.006). Baseline PI use was associated with greater spine bone loss (p = 0.004). TDF-FTC increased P1NP and CTx through Wk96 (p<0.01). Early changes in BTM did not predict bone loss at week 96. No significant between-group difference was found in fracture risk. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Tenofovir/emtricitabine treatment, lower bone formation and lower fat mass predicted subsequent bone loss. There was no association between TDF-FTC and fracture risk.
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