ArticleEpidemiology and infection2013
Social networks and HCV viraemia in anti-HCV-positive rural drug users.
Article in Epidemiology and infection, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Social norms associated with nonmedical opioid use in rural communities: a systematic review.Translational behavioral medicine · 2019Pooled it
- Injection drug use, HIV/HCV, and related services in nonurban areas of the United States: A systematic review.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2018Pooled it
- Drug Use and Social Connectivity Related to Hepatitis C Infection Among Rural People Who Use Drugs.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2026Article
- Characteristics of People Who Inject Drugs Approached for Injection Assistance in Rural Kentucky.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2026Article
- Hepatitis C virus transmission among people who inject drugs in rural United States: mathematical modeling study using stochastic agent-based network simulation.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Rural risk environments for hepatitis c among young adults in appalachian kentucky.The International journal on drug policy · 2019Article
- Injection drug network characteristics as a predictor of injection behaviour.Epidemiology and infection · 2019Article
- HIV/HCV Co-infection: Burden of Disease and Care Strategies in Appalachia.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2018Review
- Network-Based Research on Rural Opioid Use: an Overview of Methods and Lessons Learned.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2018Review
- Healthcare contact and treatment uptake following hepatitis C virus screening and counseling among rural Appalachian people who use drugs.The International journal on drug policy · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although social networks are known to play an important role in drug-using behaviours associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, literature on social networks and HCV is inconsistent. This exploratory study examined HCV RNA distribution within a social network of anti-HCV-positive non-medical prescription opioid users (NMPOUs) in rural Appalachia. Participants were tested serologically for HCV RNA, and behavioural, demographic, and network data were collected using interview-administered questionnaires. Multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression. Behavioural and demographic characteristics did not differ by RNA status. In the multivariate model, recent injecting drug users (IDUs) were more likely to be RNA positive [odds ratio (OR) 4·06, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·04-15·83], and turnover into an IDU's drug network was significantly protective (OR 0·15, 95% CI 0·03-0·75). This is the first study to date to examine HCV distribution in rural NMPOUs from a network perspective and demonstrates that network characteristics significantly contribute to the epidemiology of HCV in this understudied, high-risk population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.