ArticleBiophysical journal2012
G-quadruplex and i-motif are mutually exclusive in ILPR double-stranded DNA.
Article in Biophysical journal, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 119 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unraveling G-Quadruplex and i-Motif Coexistence Within a Double-Stranded DNA.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- The cellular landscape of i-motifs: genomic insights, methodological challenges, and the road ahead.Genome biology · 2026Review
- DNA secondary structures in BCL2 and MYC elicit activation-induced cytidine deaminase binding and activity.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- i-Motif, not G-quadruplex, stability regulates insulin expression.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- How DNA secondary structures drive replication fork instability.DNA repair · 2025Review
- Spectroscopic studies of sequence-dependent conformational transitions in asymmetric G/C rich double-stranded DNA.European biophysics journal : EBJ · 2025Article
- Modeling Possible G-Quadruplexes and i-Motifs at DNA-DNA Contact Sites: Strategy, Classification, and Examples.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- G-quadruplex and i-motif DNA structures form in the promoter of the key innate immune adaptorCell reports. Physical science · 2025Article
- Non-canonical DNA in human and other ape telomere-to-telomere genomes.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Non-canonical DNA in human and other ape telomere-to-telomere genomes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Why the ROS matters: One-electron oxidants focus DNA damage and repair on G-quadruplexes for gene regulation.DNA repair · 2025Review
- Article
- Structural insights into i-motif DNA structures in sequences from the insulin-linked polymorphic region.Nature communications · 2024Article
- An i-motif-regulated enhancer, eRNA and adjacent lncRNA affect Lhb expression through distinct mechanisms in a sex-specific context.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Article
- Structure of a 28.5 kDa duplex-embedded G-quadruplex system resolved to 7.4 Å resolution with cryo-EM.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- Ligands stimulating antitumour immunity as the next G-quadruplex challenge.Molecular cancer · 2022Review
- Article
- CpG Methylation Altered the Stability and Structure of the i-Motifs Located in the CpG Islands.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Article
- Direct Measurement of Intermolecular Mechanical Force for Nonspecific Interactions between Small Molecules.The journal of physical chemistry letters · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
G-quadruplex has demonstrated its biological functions in vivo. Although G-quadruplex in single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) has been well characterized, investigation of this species in double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) lags behind. Here we use chemical footprinting and laser-tweezers-based single-molecule approaches to demonstrate that a dsDNA fragment found in the insulin-linked polymorphic region (ILPR), 5'-(ACA GGGG TGT GGGG)2 TGT, can fold into a G-quadruplex at pH 7.4 with 100 mM K+, and an i-motif at pH 5.5 with 100 mM Li+. Surprisingly, under a condition that favors the formation of both G-quadruplex and i-motif (pH 5.5, 100 mM K+), a unique determination of change in the free energy of unfolding (ΔGunfold) by laser-tweezers experiments provides compelling evidence that only one species is present in each dsDNA. Under this condition, molecules containing G-quadruplex are more stable than those with i-motif. These two species have mechanical stabilities (rupture force≥17 pN) comparable to the stall force of RNA polymerases, which, from a mechanical perspective alone, could justify a regulatory mechanism for tetraplex structures in the expression of human insulin.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.