ArticleThe European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care2013
Assessing the impact of national antibiotic campaigns in Europe.
Article in The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessment of global antimicrobial resistance campaigns conducted to improve public awareness and antimicrobial use behaviours: a rapid systematic review.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- No prescription? No problem: drivers of non-prescribed sale of antibiotics among community drug retail outlets in low and middle income countries: a systematic review of qualitative studies.BMC public health · 2021Pooled it
- Non-prescription dispensing of antibiotic agents among community drug retail outlets in Sub-Saharan African countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2021Pooled it
- Variation in antibiotic use among and within different settings: a systematic review.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2018Pooled it
- Systematic review of public-targeted communication interventions to improve antibiotic use.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2017Pooled it
- Systematic Review of Factors Associated with Antibiotic Prescribing for Respiratory Tract Infections.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2016Pooled it
- Engaging the patients and prescribers of tomorrow: educational engagement to build school pupil awareness of antimicrobial resistance.Infection prevention in practice · 2026Article
- Estimating cost savings from reducing antibiotic overprescription in european general practices.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2026Article
- 'In Texas, everybody wants antibiotics': reducing inappropriate antibiotic expectations and use with a provider-patient communication tool in primary care.Family medicine and community health · 2025Article
- Article
- Assessment of health and science undergraduate students' knowledge, attitudes, education and training related to antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance in 27 EU/EEA universities.Access microbiology · 2025Article
- The Association between Perceived Annoyances in the Indoor Home Environment and Respiratory Infections: A Danish Cohort Study with up to 19 Years of Follow-Up.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Community drug retail outlet staff's knowledge, attitudes and practices towards non-prescription antibiotics use and antibiotic resistance in the Amhara region, Ethiopia with a focus on non-urban towns.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2022Article
- What every intensivist must know about antimicrobial stewardship: its pitfalls and its challenges.Revista Brasileira de terapia intensiva · 2020Article
- Inadequate knowledge on appropriate antibiotics use among clients in the Moshi municipality Northern Tanzania.PloS one · 2020Article
- Pain management in acute otitis media: a qualitative study of parents' views and expectations.BMC family practice · 2019Article
- How to improve antibiotic awareness campaigns: findings of a WHO global survey.BMJ global health · 2019Article
- Tackling the threat of antimicrobial resistance: from policy to sustainable action.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2015Review
- Feasibility and effectiveness of a low cost campaign on antibiotic prescribing in Italy: community level, controlled, non-randomised trial.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Because of evidence of causal association between antibiotic use and bacterial resistance, the implementation of national policies has emerged as a interesting tool for controlling and reversing bacterial resistance. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of public policies on antibiotic use in Europe using a differences-in-differences approach. Comparable data on systemic antibiotics administered in 21 European countries are available for a 11-year period between 1997 and 2007. Data on national campaigns are drawn from the public health literature. We estimate an econometric model of antibiotic consumption with country fixed effects and control for the main socioeconomic and epidemiological factors. Lagged values and the instrumental variables approach are applied to address endogeneity aspects of the prevalence of infections and the adoption of national campaigns. We find evidence that public campaigns significantly reduce the use of antimicrobials in the community by 1.3-5.6 defined daily doses per 1,000 inhabitants yearly. This represents an impact of roughly 6.5-28.3 % on the mean level of antibiotic use in Europe between 1997 and 2007. The effect is robust across different measurement methods. Further research is needed to investigate the effectiveness of policy interventions targeting different social groups such as general practitioners or patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.