ReviewToxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology2012
Of mice and men (and rats): phthalate-induced fetal testis endocrine disruption is species-dependent.
Review in Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 145 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hazards of diethyl phthalate (DEP) exposure: A systematic review of animal toxicology studies.Environment international · 2020Pooled it
- Phthalate exposure and female reproductive and developmental outcomes: a systematic review of the human epidemiological evidence.Environment international · 2019Pooled it
- Hazards of diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) exposure: A systematic review of animal toxicology studies.Environment international · 2019Pooled it
- Phthalate exposure and male reproductive outcomes: A systematic review of the human epidemiological evidence.Environment international · 2018Pooled it
- Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of human and animal evidence of prenatal diethylhexyl phthalate exposure and changes in male anogenital distance.Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part B, Critical reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Sustainability in Aesthetic and Surgical Clinics: Impacts and Practical Interventions.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2025Article
- Lactiplantibacillus plantarum RS20D Alleviates Male Reproductive Toxicity Induced by Pubertal Exposure to Di-n-butyl Phthalate and Mono-n-butyl Phthalate.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Article
- Dose-response assessment of dipentyl phthalate effects on testosterone production and morphogenesis of late-gestation fetal rat testis.Environment international · 2025Article
- Foetal Exposure to Phthalates and Endocrine Effects on the Leydig Cell.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2025Review
- Evaluation of a hypothesized Sertoli cell-based adverse outcome pathway for effects of diisononyl phthalate on the developing testis.Current research in toxicology · 2025Article
- Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and male reproductive health.Fertility and sterility · 2023Review
- Leaching of Phthalates from Medical Supplies and Their Implications for Exposure.Environmental science & technology · 2023Article
- Article
- Urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations during four windows spanning puberty (prepuberty through sexual maturity) and association with semen quality among young Russian men.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2022Article
- Evaluation of di-n-butyl phthalate reproductive toxicity in pregnant rats and their offspring and assessment of vitamin E administration in reducing toxicity.Veterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal · 2022Article
- What to Expect When Expecting in Lab: A Review of Unique Risks and Resources for Pregnant Researchers in the Chemical Laboratory.Chemical research in toxicology · 2022Review
- Interaction between mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and retinoic acid alters Sertoli cell development during fetal mouse testis cord morphogenesis.Current research in toxicology · 2022Article
- 10Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Article
- REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY: Environmental exposures, fetal testis development and function: phthalates and beyond.Reproduction (Cambridge, England) · 2021Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
For over 15 years, reproductive toxicologists have explored the physiological outcomes and mechanism of fetal phthalate exposure to determine the risk posed to human male reproductive health. This review examines the fetal male reproductive system response to phthalate exposure across species including rat, mouse, and human, with emphasis on the testis. In the rat, in utero phthalate exposure causes male reproductive tract malformations, in large part, by targeting the testis and inhibiting fetal Leydig cell hormone production. Despite mouse phthalate pharmacokinetics being similar to the rat, inhibition of fetal Leydig cell hormone synthesis is not observed in the mouse. The species-specific differences in testicular response following in utero phthalate exposure and the discordant reaction of the rodent fetal testis when exposed to phthalates ex vivo versus in vivo have made determining risk to humans difficult, yet critically important. The recent use of fetal testis xenotransplants to study phthalate toxicity suggests that the human fetal testis responds like the mouse fetal testis; it appears refractory to phthalate-induced inhibition of testosterone production. Although this result is unfulfilling from the perspective of identifying environmental contributions to human reproductive maldevelopment, it has important implications for phthalate risk assessment.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.