Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22694854›Full record

SynthesisBMC public health2012

Cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes in Bangladesh: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies between 1995 and 2010.

Nazmus Saquib, Juliann Saquib, Tahmeed Ahmed, Masuma Akter Khanam, Mark R Cullen

Registry-linked trialAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC public health, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04505150 (Lowering Blood Pressure by Changing Lifestyle Through a Motivational Education Program), which is not on this map. Cited by 95 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
95citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04505150 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

Lowering Blood Pressure by Changing Lifestyle Through a Motivational Education Program: a Cluster RCT Study Protocol

TypeinterventionalSponsorOrganisation for Rural Community Development, BangladeshRan2020 to 2022Enrolled300ConditionsHigh Blood PressureArmsLifestyle changes, e.g., take part in regular exercise, quitting smoking, and reduce salt consumption
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

95 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  20. Impact of nutritional status on outcome of patients of acute coronary syndrome.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2026
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35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Nazmus SaquibSchool of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA.
Juliann Saquib
Tahmeed Ahmed
Masuma Akter Khanam
Mark R Cullen

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBelief is that chronic disease prevalence is rising in Bangladesh since death from them has increased. We reviewed published cardiovascular (CVD) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) studies between 1995 and 2010 and conducted a meta-analysis of disease prevalence.

methodsA systematic search of CVD and T2DM studies yielded 29 eligible studies (outcome: CVD only = 12, T2DM only = 9, both = 8). Hypertension (HTN) was the primary outcome of CVD studies. HTN and T2DM were defined with objective measures and standard cut-off values. We assessed the study quality based on sampling frame, sample size, and disease evaluation. Random effects models calculated pooled disease prevalence (95% confidence interval) in studies with general population samples (n = 22).

resultsThe pooled HTN and T2DM prevalence were 13.7% (12.1%-15.3%) and 6.7% (4.9%-8.6%), respectively. Both diseases exhibited a secular trend by 5-year intervals between 1995 and 2010 (HTN = 11.0%, 12.8%, 15.3%, T2DM = 3.8%, 5.3%, 9.0%). HTN was higher in females (M vs. F: 12.8% vs.16.1%) but T2DM was higher in males (M vs. F: 7.0% vs. 6.2%) (non-significant). Both HTN and T2DM were higher in urban areas (urban vs. rural: 22.2% vs. 14.3% and 10.2% vs. 5.1% respectively) (non-significant). HTN was higher among elderly and among working professionals. Both HTN and T2DM were higher in 'high- quality' studies.

conclusionsThere is evidence of a rising secular trend of HTN and T2DM prevalence in Bangladesh. Future research should focus on the evolving root causes, incidence, and prognosis of HTN and T2DM.

Indexed as

Age FactorsBangladeshCardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleHumansHypertensionMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRural PopulationSex FactorsUrban Population

Identifiers

PMID22694854
PMCPMC3487781

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.