ArticlePLoS pathogens2012
Evolution of an Eurasian avian-like influenza virus in naïve and vaccinated pigs.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccine-induced antigenic drift of a human-origin H3N2 Influenza A virus in swine alters glycan binding and sialic acid avidity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Rapid surge of reassortant A(H1N1) influenza viruses in Danish swine and their zoonotic potential.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Impact of inactivated vaccine on transmission and evolution of H9N2 avian influenza virus in chickens.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Quantifying the impact of vaccination on transmission and diversity of influenza A variants in pigs.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Evolutionary analysis of Hemagglutinin and neuraminidase gene variation in H1N1 swine influenza virus from vaccine intervention in China.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Modulation of human-to-swine influenza a virus adaptation by the neuraminidase low-affinity calcium-binding pocket.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Genetic drift and purifying selection shape within-host influenza A virus populations during natural swine infections.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Genetic drift and purifying selection shape within-host influenza A virus populations during natural swine infections.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Genetic complementation fosters evolvability in complex fitness landscapes.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Vaccination against swine influenza in pigs causes different drift evolutionary patterns upon swine influenza virus experimental infection and reduces the likelihood of genomic reassortments.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Genetic diversification patterns in swine influenza A virus (H1N2) in vaccinated and nonvaccinated animals.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Inferring Epistasis from Genetic Time-series Data.Molecular biology and evolution · 2022Article
- Evolution of Swine Influenza Virus H3N2 in Vaccinated and Nonvaccinated Pigs after Previous Natural H1N1 Infection.Viruses · 2022Article
- Vaccination decreases the risk of influenza A virus reassortment but not genetic variation in pigs.eLife · 2022Article
- Cooperative Virus-Virus Interactions: An Evolutionary Perspective.Biodesign research · 2022Review
- Characterizing viral within-host diversity in fast and non-equilibrium demo-genetic dynamics.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Article
- Vaccines That Reduce Viral Shedding Do Not Prevent Transmission of H1N1 Pandemic 2009 Swine Influenza A Virus Infection to Unvaccinated Pigs.Journal of virology · 2021Article
- Cross-scale dynamics and the evolutionary emergence of infectious diseases.Virus evolution · 2021Article
- Effect of the selection pressure of vaccine antibodies on evolution of H9N2 avian influenza virus in chickens.AMB Express · 2020Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Influenza viruses are characterized by an ability to cross species boundaries and evade host immunity, sometimes with devastating consequences. The 2009 pandemic of H1N1 influenza A virus highlights the importance of pigs in influenza emergence, particularly as intermediate hosts by which avian viruses adapt to mammals before emerging in humans. Although segment reassortment has commonly been associated with influenza emergence, an expanded host-range is also likely to be associated with the accumulation of specific beneficial point mutations. To better understand the mechanisms that shape the genetic diversity of avian-like viruses in pigs, we studied the evolutionary dynamics of an Eurasian Avian-like swine influenza virus (EA-SIV) in naïve and vaccinated pigs linked by natural transmission. We analyzed multiple clones of the hemagglutinin 1 (HA1) gene derived from consecutive daily viral populations. Strikingly, we observed both transient and fixed changes in the consensus sequence along the transmission chain. Hence, the mutational spectrum of intra-host EA-SIV populations is highly dynamic and allele fixation can occur with extreme rapidity. In addition, mutations that could potentially alter host-range and antigenicity were transmitted between animals and mixed infections were commonplace, even in vaccinated pigs. Finally, we repeatedly detected distinct stop codons in virus samples from co-housed pigs, suggesting that they persisted within hosts and were transmitted among them. This implies that mutations that reduce viral fitness in one host, but which could lead to fitness benefits in a novel host, can circulate at low frequencies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.