ArticleVaccine2012
Immunity to Staphylococcus aureus secreted proteins protects rabbits from serious illnesses.
Article in Vaccine, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- NKG2A-mediated immune modulation of natural killer cells by Staphylococcus aureus.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Anti-Alpha-Toxin Antibody Responses and Clinical Outcomes ofJournal of Korean medical science · 2023Article
- Review
- An immunoinformatics approach for the design of a multi-epitope vaccine targeting super antigen TSST-1 of Staphylococcus aureus.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2021Article
- Device-Associated Menstrual Toxic Shock Syndrome.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2020Review
- Potent Neutralization of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B In Vivo by Antibodies that Block Binding to the T-Cell Receptor.Journal of molecular biology · 2019Review
- Immunity toMicrobiology spectrum · 2019Review
- Preventing lung pathology and mortality in rabbit Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia models with cytotoxin-neutralizing monoclonal IgGs penetrating the epithelial lining fluid.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Staphylococcal Superantigens Stimulate Epithelial Cells through CD40 To Produce Chemokines.mBio · 2019Article
- Review
- TBAScientific reports · 2019Article
- Subinhibitory concentrations of tedizolid potently inhibit extracellular toxin production by methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Journal of medical microbiology · 2019Article
- Antimicrobial, cytotoxic and antioxidative evaluation of natural deep eutectic solvents.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2018Article
- Live attenuated Salmonella typhimurium vaccines delivering SaEsxA and SaEsxB via type III secretion system confer protection against Staphylococcus aureus infection.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Article
- The Superantigen Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin 1 Alters Human Aortic Endothelial Cell Function.Infection and immunity · 2018Article
- Deciphering the Pathological Role of Staphylococcal α-Toxin and Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Using a NovelFrontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Article
- Subinhibitory Dalbavancin Attenuates Exotoxin Production from Methicillin-Sensitive and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2017Article
- Pediatric Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome: Promising Therapies.Pediatric critical care medicine : a journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies · 2017Review
- Passive acquisition of anti-Staphylococcus aureus antibodies by newborns via transplacental transfer and breastfeeding, regardless of maternal colonization.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus causes significant illnesses throughout the world, including toxic shock syndrome (TSS), pneumonia, and infective endocarditis. Major contributors to S. aureus illnesses are secreted virulence factors it produces, including superantigens and cytolysins. This study investigates the use of superantigens and cytolysins as staphylococcal vaccine candidates. Importantly, 20% of humans and 50% of rabbits in our TSS model cannot generate antibody responses to native superantigens. We generated three TSST-1 mutants; G31S/S32P, H135A, and Q136A. All rabbits administered these TSST-1 toxoids generated strong antibody responses (titers>10,000) that neutralized native TSST-1 in TSS models, both in vitro and in vivo. These TSST-1 mutants lacked detectable residual toxicity. Additionally, the TSST-1 mutants exhibited intrinsic adjuvant activity, increasing antibody responses to a second staphylococcal antigen (β-toxin). This effect may be due to TSST-1 mutants binding to the immune co-stimulatory molecule CD40. The superantigens TSST-1 and SEC and the cytolysin α-toxin are known to contribute to staphylococcal pneumonia. Immunization of rabbits against these secreted toxins provided complete protection from highly lethal challenge with a USA200 S. aureus strain producing all three exotoxins; USA200 strains are common causes of staphylococcal infections. The same three exotoxins plus the cytolysins β-toxin and γ-toxin contribute to infective endocarditis and sepsis caused by USA200 strains. Immunization against these five exotoxins protected rabbits from infective endocarditis and lethal sepsis. These data suggest that immunization against toxoid proteins of S. aureus exotoxins protects from serious illnesses, and concurrently superantigen toxoid mutants provide endogenous adjuvant activity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.