ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2012
PGRP-LB is a maternally transmitted immune milk protein that influences symbiosis and parasitism in tsetse's offspring.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- PGRP-LA regulates peritrophic matrix synthesis and influences trypanosome infection outcomes in tsetse flies.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Plant Virus-Induced Inheritable Apoptosis Drives Reproductive Costs in Female Insect Vectors to Balance Viral Biparental Transmission.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Viviparity and obligate blood feeding: tsetse flies as a unique research system to study climate change.Current opinion in insect science · 2025Review
- The role of insect gut microbiota in host fitness, detoxification and nutrient supplementation.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2024Review
- Immune Reactions of Vector Insects to Parasites and Pathogens.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Microbiota in disease-transmitting vectors.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2023Review
- The genome of sheep ked (Melophagus ovinus) reveals potential mechanisms underlying reproduction and narrower ecological niches.BMC genomics · 2023Article
- Microbe Profile:Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2022Article
- The Negative Regulative Roles ofCells · 2022Article
- Insect-host control of obligate, intracellular symbiont density.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2021Article
- The holobiont transcriptome of teneral tsetse fly species of varying vector competence.BMC genomics · 2021Article
- PGRP-LB: An Inside View into the Mechanism of the Amidase Reaction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Insect-Symbiont Gene Expression in the Midgut Bacteriocytes of a Blood-Sucking Parasite.Genome biology and evolution · 2020Article
- Microorganisms in the reproductive tissues of arthropods.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2020Review
- Bacterial Symbionts of Tsetse Flies: Relationships and Functional Interactions Between Tsetse Flies and Their Symbionts.Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2020Review
- Tsetse peritrophic matrix influences for trypanosome transmission.Journal of insect physiology · 2019Review
- Microbial Communities in Different Developmental Stages of the Oriental Fruit Fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, Are Associated with Differentially Expressed Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein-Encoding Genes.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2019Article
- Article
- WeevilProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- Colonization of the tsetse fly midgut with commensal Kosakonia cowanii Zambiae inhibits trypanosome infection establishment.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Beneficial microbe functions range from host dietary supplementation to development and maintenance of host immune system. In mammals, newborn progeny are quickly colonized with a symbiotic fauna that is provisioned in mother's milk and that closely resembles that of the parent. Tsetse fly (Diptera: Glossinidae) also depends on the obligate symbiont Wigglesworthia for nutritional supplementation, optimal fecundity, and immune system development. Tsetse progeny develop one at a time in an intrauterine environment and receive nourishment and symbionts in mother's milk. We show that the host Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein (PGRP-LB) is expressed only in adults and is a major component of the milk that nourishes the developing progeny. The amidase activity associated with PGRP-LB may scavenge the symbiotic peptidoglycan and prevent the induction of tsetse's Immune Deficiency pathway that otherwise can damage the symbionts. Reduction of PGRP-LB experimentally diminishes female fecundity and damages Wigglesworthia in the milk through induction of antimicrobial peptides, including Attacin. Larvae that receive less maternal PGRP-LB give rise to adults with fewer Wigglesworthia and hyperimmune responses. Such adults also suffer dysregulated immunity, as indicated by the presence of higher trypanosome densities in parasitized adults. We show that recPGRP-LB has antimicrobial and antitrypanosomal activities that may regulate symbiosis and impact immunity. Thus, PGRP-LB plays a pivotal role in tsetse's fitness by protecting symbiosis against host-inflicted damage during development and by controlling parasite infections in adults that can otherwise reduce host fecundity.
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