ArticleOncogene2013
FHL1 on chromosome X is a single-hit gastrointestinal tumor-suppressor gene and contributes to the formation of an epigenetic field defect.
Article in Oncogene, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- DNA methylation marker to estimate the breast cancer cell fraction in DNA samples.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2018Trial
- Relationship between LINE-1 hypomethylation and Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric mucosae.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2015Trial
- Application of ultrasound and methylation omics detection in the diagnosis of endometrial cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- FHL1 as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in acute promyelocytic leukaemia.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Role of four and a half LIM domain protein 1 in tumors (Review).Oncology letters · 2025Review
- DNA Methylation Signatures Characterize Gene Expression Modulation in Lung Cancer Patients Affected by Anorexia.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Low FHL1 expression indicates a good prognosis and drug sensitivity in ovarian cancer.Functional & integrative genomics · 2024Article
- Immortalization-upregulated protein promotes pancreatic cancer progression by regulating NPM1/FHL1-mediated cell-cycle-checkpoint protein activity.Cell biology and toxicology · 2023Article
- Expression and Predictive Significance of FHL1 and SLIT3 in Surgically Resected Lung Adenocarcinoma.Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2023Article
- Bioinformatics Profiling and Experimental Validation of 4 Differentially-Expressed LIM Genes in the Course of Colorectal-Adenoma-Carcinoma.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2022Article
- FHL1 Overexpression as A Inhibitor of Lung Cancer Cell Invasion via Increasing RhoGDIß mRNA Expression.Cell journal · 2022Article
- The Transcriptomic Landscape of Prostate Cancer Development and Progression: An Integrative Analysis.Cancers · 2021Article
- FHL3 Contributes to EMT and Chemotherapy Resistance Through Up-Regulation of Slug and Activation of TGFFrontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- MiR-96-5p Induced by Palmitic Acid Suppresses the Myogenic Differentiation of C2C12 Myoblasts by Targeting FHL1.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Four and a half LIM domains protein 1 can be as a double-edged sword in cancer progression.Cancer biology & medicine · 2020Review
- Article
- LINC00162 confers sensitivity to 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine via modulation of an RNA splicing protein, HNRNPH1.Oncogene · 2019Article
- Overexpression Of hsa-miR-664a-3p Is Associated With Cigarette Smoke-Induced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Via Targeting FHL1.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2019Article
- Src-mediated phosphorylation converts FHL1 from tumor suppressor to tumor promoter.The Journal of cell biology · 2018Article
- Proteomic analysis of human prostate cancer PC-3M-1E8 cells and PC-3M-2B4 cells of same origin but with different metastatic potential.PloS one · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tumor-suppressor genes on chromosome X can be inactivated by a single hit, any of the point mutations, chromosomal loss and aberrant DNA methylation. As aberrant DNA methylation can be induced frequently, we here aimed to identify a tumor-suppressor gene on chromosome X inactivated by promoter DNA methylation. Of 69 genes on chromosome X upregulated by treatment of a gastric cancer cell line with a DNA-demethylating agent, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, 11 genes had low or no expression in the cell line and abundant expression in normal gastric mucosae. Among them, FHL1 was frequently methylation-silenced in gastric and colon cancer cell lines, and methylated in primary gastric (21/80) and colon (5/50) cancers. Knockdown of the endogenous FHL1 in two cell lines by two kinds of shRNAs significantly increased cell growth in vitro and sizes of xenografts in nude mice. Expression of exogenous FHL1 in a non-expressing cell line significantly reduced its migration, invasion and growth. Notably, a somatic mutation (G642T; Lys214Asn) was identified in one of 144 colon cancer specimens, and the mutant FHL1 was shown to lack its inhibitory effects on migration, invasion and growth. FHL1 methylation was associated with Helicobacter pylori infection and accumulated in normal-appearing gastric mucosae of gastric cancer patients. These data showed that FHL1 is a methylation-silenced tumor-suppressor gene on chromosome X in gastrointestinal cancers, and that its silencing contributes to the formation of an epigenetic field for cancerization.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.