ArticleDiabetes2012
Mechanisms involved in the development and healing of diabetic foot ulceration.
Article in Diabetes, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 147 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
147 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 356 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness and safety of stem cell therapy for diabetic foot: a meta-analysis update.Stem cell research & therapy · 2022Pooled it
- Efficacy of Biophysical Energies on Healing of Diabetic Skin Wounds in Cell Studies and Animal Experimental Models: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Pooled it
- Meta-analysis on the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers with autologous stem cells.Stem cell research & therapy · 2017Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Autologous Stem Cell Therapy for the Treatment of Lower Extremity Ulcers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Medicine · 2016Pooled it
- Chronic wounds treated with cold atmospheric plasmajet versus best practice wound dressings: a multicenter, randomized, non-inferiority trial.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Effect of Linagliptin on Vascular Function: A Randomized, Placebo-controlled Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2016Trial
- Aliskiren improves vascular smooth muscle function in the skin microcirculation of type 2 diabetic patients with normal renal function.Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS · 2015Trial
- Topical administration of a connexin43-based peptide augments healing of chronic neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers: A multicenter, randomized trial.Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair SocietyTrial
- Abnormally low expression of tumor necrosis factor stimulated gene 6 (TSG-6) in obese type 2 diabetic mice contributes to altered inflammation and delayed cutaneous wound healing.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Multi-Omics Profiling Reveals Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Dysregulation in Diabetic Foot Ulcer Healing Impairment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Characterization and Migration Activity of Thermoresponsive Silk Fibroin-Aloe Vera Gel in Normal and Diabetic Fibroblasts.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Research progress of responsive electrospun dressings for precise monitoring and treatment of diabetic wounds.Burns & trauma · 2026Review
- Single-cell RNA sequencing in diabetic foot ulcers: pathogenesis, biomarkers, and translational potential.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2026Review
- Hyperglycemia Modulates the Expression of MAPK13, TSP1, and CXCR2 During Wound Healing in Sprague Dawley Rats.Biology · 2025Article
- Cuproptosis-related gene TMPO affects the healing of diabetic foot ulcers through TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.iScience · 2025Article
- Culturing hypoxia-primed mesenchymal stem cells in xeno- and serum-free conditions facilitates the synthesis of an extracellular matrix-based biologic with augmented therapeutic potential for the treatment of diabetic wounds.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- FGFR2 is a Crucial Factor for Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Promoting Diabetic Foot Ulcer Healing Through Angiogenesis.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Porous Silicon Nanoparticle Hydrogel Formulation for Topical Delivery of Flightless I Neutralizing Antibody and Improved Diabetic Wound Healing.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Article
- Minimally Invasive Drainage for Diabetic Foot Phlegmon.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Pathophysiology, Immune Dysregulation, and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.Biomedicines · 2025Review
87 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We examined the role of vascular function and inflammation in the development and failure to heal diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). We followed 104 diabetic patients for a period of 18.4 ± 10.8 months. At the beginning of the study, we evaluated vascular reactivity and serum inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. DFUs developed in 30 (29%) patients. DFU patients had more severe neuropathy, higher white blood cell count, and lower endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilation in the macrocirculation. Complete ulcer healing was achieved in 16 (53%) patients, whereas 13 (47%) patients did not heal. There were no differences in the above parameters between the two groups, but patients whose ulcers failed to heal had higher tumor necrosis factor-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9), and fibroblast growth factor 2 serum levels when compared with those who healed. Skin biopsy analysis showed that compared with control subjects, diabetic patients had increased immune cell infiltration, expression of MMP-9, and protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B), which negatively regulates the signaling of insulin, leptin, and growth factors. We conclude that increased inflammation, expression of MMP-9, PTP1B, and aberrant growth factor levels are the main factors associated with failure to heal DFUs. Targeting these factors may prove helpful in the management of DFUs.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.