ArticleParasites & vectors2012
Evidence of carbamate resistance in urban populations of Anopheles gambiae s.s. mosquitoes resistant to DDT and deltamethrin insecticides in Lagos, South-Western Nigeria.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Insecticide resistance in mosquitoes: Current status, mechanism, monitoring and innovative strategies for sustainable vector control.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Pyrethroid-resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.l (Culicidae) populations from the Sudan Savannah ecoregion in Nigeria is partly mediated by knockdown mutation.BMC research notes · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of carbamate resistance in the malaria vector:Parasite epidemiology and control · 2026Review
- Urban evolution of insecticide resistance and susceptibility patterns of Anopheles coluzzii in Southeastern Nigeria: implications for malaria vector control.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Spatial distribution and insecticide resistance of Aedes mosquitoes in Osun State: implications for vector control.Tropical medicine and health · 2025Article
- Two decades of insecticide resistance in Benin: a retrospective analysis of evolution and drivers.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Plant-based nanoparticles targeting malaria management.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Entomological surveillance reveals transmission of malaria but not lymphatic filariasis in two communities in North-West Nigeria.Parasitology research · 2023Article
- Low frequency of knockdown resistance mutation (L1014F) and the efficacy of PBO synergist in multiple insecticide-resistant populations of Anopheles gambiae in Ikorodu, Lagos State, Nigeria.African health sciences · 2023Article
- Urban malaria in sub-Saharan Africa: dynamic of the vectorial system and the entomological inoculation rate.Malaria journal · 2021Review
- Current Status of Insecticide Susceptibility in the Principal Malaria Vector,Journal of arthropod-borne diseases · 2021Article
- Biochemical Mechanism of Insecticide Resistance in Malaria Vector,Iranian journal of public health · 2021Article
- First Report of Target Site Insensitivity in Pyrethroid ResistantJournal of arthropod-borne diseases · 2020Article
- Acetylcholinesterase (ace-1Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- First report of AChE1 (G119S) mutation and multiple resistance mechanisms in Anopheles gambiae s.s. in Nigeria.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Dynamic of resistance alleles of two major insecticide targets in Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) populations from Benin, West Africa.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- Temporal escalation of Pyrethroid Resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles coluzzii from Sahelo-Sudanian Region of northern Nigeria.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Malaria vectors in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: the mechanisms that confer insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus.Malaria journal · 2017Article
- Evaluation of Larvicidal Activity of Essential Oil from Leaves ofJournal of arthropod-borne diseases · 2017Article
- Evidence of multiple insecticide resistance mechanisms in Anopheles gambiae populations in Bangui, Central African Republic.Parasites & vectors · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundResistance monitoring is essential in ensuring the success of insecticide based vector control programmes. This study was carried out to assess the susceptibility status of urban populations of Anopheles gambiae to carbamate insecticide being considered for vector control in mosquito populations previously reported to be resistant to DDT and permethrin.
methodsTwo - three day old adult female Anopheles mosquitoes reared from larval collections in 11 study sites from Local Government Areas of Lagos were exposed to test papers impregnated with DDT 4%, deltamethrin 0.05% and propoxur 0.1% insecticides. Additional tests were carried out to determine the susceptibility status of the Anopheles gambiae population to bendiocarb insecticide. Members of the A. gambiae complex, the molecular forms, were identified by PCR assays. The involvement of metabolic enzymes in carbamate resistance was assessed using Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) synergist assays. The presence of kdr-w/e and ace-1R point mutations responsible for DDT-pyrethroid and carbamate resistance mechanisms was also investigated by PCR.
resultsPropoxur resistance was found in 10 out of the 11 study sites. Resistance to three classes of insecticides was observed in five urban localities. Mortality rates in mosquitoes exposed to deltamethrin and propoxur did not show any significant difference (P > 0.05) but was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in populations exposed to DDT. All mosquitoes tested were identified as A. gambiae s.s (M form). The kdr -w point mutation at allelic frequencies between 45%-77% was identified as one of the resistant mechanisms responsible for DDT and pyrethroid resistance. Ace-1R point mutation was absent in the carbamate resistant population. However, the possible involvement of metabolic resistance was confirmed by synergistic assays conducted.
conclusionEvidence of carbamate resistance in A. gambiae populations already harbouring resistance to DDT and permethrin is a clear indication that calls for the implementation of insecticide resistance management strategies to combat the multiple resistance identified.
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