ReviewJournal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology2013
Anti-viral and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of the innate immune transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 3: relevance to human CNS diseases.
Review in Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interferon Regulatory Factors as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Neuroinflammation: A Focus on Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Ependymal cells: roles in central nervous system infections and therapeutic application.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Review
- Lack of interferon regulatory factor 3 leads to anxiety/depression-like behaviors through disrupting the balance of neuronal excitation and inhibition in mice.Genes & diseases · 2023Article
- Potential differences in cleavage of the S protein and type-1 interferon together control human coronavirus infection, propagation, and neuropathology within the central nervous system.Journal of virology · 2021Article
- Does the Global Outbreak of COVID-19 or Other Viral Diseases Threaten the Stem Cell Reservoir Inside the Body?Stem cell reviews and reports · 2021Review
- Inflamma-MicroRNAs in Alzheimer's Disease: From Disease Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Potentials.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021Review
- Toll-like receptor 4 and protease-activated receptor 2 in physiology and pathophysiology of the nervous system: more than just receptor cooperation?Neural regeneration research · 2019Article
- Interferon regulatory factors 3 and 7 have distinct roles in the pathogenesis of alphavirus encephalomyelitis.The Journal of general virology · 2019Article
- P38 and JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases Interact With Chikungunya Virus Non-structural Protein-2 and Regulate TNF Induction During Viral Infection in Macrophages.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Repression of SUMOylation pathway by grass carp reovirus contributes to the upregulation of PKR in an IFN-independent manner.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- IFNβ Protects Neurons from Damage in a Murine Model of HIV-1 Associated Brain Injury.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Up-Regulation of Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 Involves in Neuronal Apoptosis After Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Adult Rats.Neurochemical research · 2016Article
- IRF3 is an important molecule in the UII/UT system and mediates immune inflammatory injury in acute liver failure.Oncotarget · 2016Article
- Recent Advances of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Central Nervous System Disorders.Journal of immunology research · 2016Review
- Controversial Role of Toll-like Receptor 4 in Adult Stem Cells.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2015Review
- Chronic exposure to TGFβ1 regulates myeloid cell inflammatory response in an IRF7-dependent manner.The EMBO journal · 2014Article
- HIV life cycle, innate immunity and autophagy in the central nervous system.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2014Review
- Interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 3 is critical for the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2014Article
- Article
- Potential roles of microglial cell progranulin in HIV-associated CNS pathologies and neurocognitive impairment.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) is a transcription factor critical in the induction of antiviral immunity. IRF3 is activated following stimulation of cell membrane or cytosolic nucleic acid sensors and is essential in the induction of the IFNβ gene. Most cells constitutively express IRF3 in vitro, but little is known about the regulation of expression of IRF3 in vivo. Immunohistochemical analysis of selected human and mouse tissues demonstrated that IRF3 expression is highly organ- and cell-type specific, showing high expression in certain epithelial cells. In the CNS, while ependymal cells are strongly positive, brain parenchyma has little detectable IRF3 immunoreactivity. The importance of IRF3 in antiviral immunity has been demonstrated by the requirement for IRF3 in suppressing viral replication, but also by the demonstration that virus degrades IRF3 protein in infected cells. Furthermore, HIV-infected microglia in human CNS show abnormal IRF3+ aggregates, indicative of aberrant protein processing in vivo. In addition to antiviral immunity, IRF3 also plays a critical role in the modulation of neuroinflammation. A combination of dominant-negative and over-expression strategies in vitro as well as transgenic expression of IRF3 in vivo demonstrated that IRF3 plays a major role in modulating glial cytokine expression, i.e., suppression of proinflammatory cytokines and promotion of anti-inflammatory or immunoregulatory cytokines. These observations together suggest that IRF3 is a crucial regulator of immune responses against pathogen- and damage-associated molecules. We review recent literature on the molecular pathways of IRF3 activation and function of IRF3 and discuss their implications for CNS diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.